Differential effects of environmental conditions on the commercially important attributes and postharvest quality of pomegranate fruit

Abstract

To investigate the effects of varying climate conditions on the commercial production and shelf life of pomegranate, the main qualitative characteristics of fruit were compared in two pomegranate cultivars in their traditional habitats and a new location. Our results revealed that most fruit traits were influenced by growing zones. Specifically, the content of anthocyanin, red color (a*) in aril and fruit peel, as well as titratable acidity in both cultivars were significantly decreased. In contrast, the antioxidant content experienced a more moderate reduction in the new climate condition. On the other hand, the fruits grown in the new climate condition had substantially higher maturity index and hardness, as well as L* and b* indices. However, the two cultivars responded differently to traits such as 100 arils fresh weight and total soluble solids. The mineral content of fruit was also affected by growing conditions; specifically the Ca level of fruits experienced a significant increment in the new climate. The new climate condition improved the postharvest quality of fruits, and substantially lower electrolyte leakage and chilling damages were detected in this region. In general, the fruits produced from the new warmer climate condition were superior to those obtained in their moderate traditional habitats owing to their long-term cold storage, taste index, and nutrients. These results enhance our knowledge regarding the expression of fruit traits in connection with the environment and they can be beneficial for making sound-planting decisions and crop-improvement programs with the aim of improving the quality and postharvest life of fruit.