City-scale assessment of pedestrian exposure to air pollution: A case study in Barcelona

IF 6 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Urban Climate Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.uclim.2024.102183
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Abstract

Air pollution is a pressing environmental risk to public health, particularly in cities where population density and pollution levels are high. Traditional methods for exposure analysis often rely on census data, but recent studies highlight the impact of daily mobility on individuals' exposure. Here, we develop a methodology to determine unprecedented pedestrian exposure estimates at the city scale by combining sidewalk pedestrian flows with high-resolution (25 m × 25 m) NO2 data from bias-corrected predictions of the air quality system CALIOPE-Urban. Applied to Barcelona (Spain) for the year 2019, we show that pedestrian flow and NO2 levels exhibit negligible temporal correlation. While short-term (hourly) exposure is driven by pedestrian mobility, long-term (monthly) exposure is dominated by NO2 patterns. We identify strong spatial gradients of exposure, highlighting the importance for high-resolution solutions at the sidewalks scale. Finally, we determine that exposure mitigation strategies should consider different citizen subgroups based on their mobility and preferred routes, as significant differences were found between residential and pedestrian exposure. Our results provide exposure indicators designed for city planners and policymakers, helping to prioritize mitigation measures where and when they are most needed.

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行人暴露于空气污染的城市规模评估:巴塞罗那案例研究
空气污染是影响公众健康的一个紧迫环境风险,尤其是在人口密度大、污染程度高的城市。传统的暴露分析方法通常依赖于人口普查数据,但最近的研究强调了日常流动对个人暴露的影响。在此,我们开发了一种方法,通过将人行道上的行人流量与空气质量系统 CALIOPE-Urban 的偏差校正预测得出的高分辨率(25 m × 25 m)二氧化氮数据相结合,确定城市范围内前所未有的行人暴露估计值。我们将其应用于 2019 年的巴塞罗那(西班牙),结果表明行人流量和二氧化氮水平在时间上的相关性可以忽略不计。短期(每小时)暴露受行人流动性的影响,而长期(每月)暴露则受二氧化氮模式的影响。我们发现了强烈的暴露空间梯度,突出了在人行道尺度上采用高分辨率解决方案的重要性。最后,我们确定,由于居民和行人的暴露量存在显著差异,因此暴露量减缓战略应根据其流动性和首选路线考虑不同的市民亚群。我们的研究结果为城市规划者和决策者提供了暴露指标,有助于在最需要的时间和地点优先采取缓解措施。
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来源期刊
Urban Climate
Urban Climate Social Sciences-Urban Studies
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
9.40%
发文量
286
期刊介绍: Urban Climate serves the scientific and decision making communities with the publication of research on theory, science and applications relevant to understanding urban climatic conditions and change in relation to their geography and to demographic, socioeconomic, institutional, technological and environmental dynamics and global change. Targeted towards both disciplinary and interdisciplinary audiences, this journal publishes original research papers, comprehensive review articles, book reviews, and short communications on topics including, but not limited to, the following: Urban meteorology and climate[...] Urban environmental pollution[...] Adaptation to global change[...] Urban economic and social issues[...] Research Approaches[...]
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