{"title":"Risk factors of cholangiocarcinoma in areas not endemic for liver fluke infection.","authors":"Tongluk Teerasarntipan, Pawat Phuensan, Chonlada Phathong, Somchai Pinlaor, Parit Mekaroonkamol, Roongruedee Chaiteerakij","doi":"10.2478/abm-2024-0028","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thailand has the world's highest prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), especially in the endemic area of liver fluke <i>Opisthorchis viverrini</i> infection. However, other regions of Thailand still have relatively high CCA prevalence.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to determine CCA risk factors in areas not endemic for OV infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case--control study was performed at a referral center during December 2016-December 2017. We collected blood samples and information from CCA patients and identified them as cases. The control group comprised patients who visited a gastrointestinal clinic for colorectal cancer screening colonoscopy. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for CCA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 138 participants, <i>O. viverrini</i> infection rate was higher in the case than in the control group (57.1% vs. 36.1%, <i>P</i> = 0.023). Male, <i>O. viverrini</i> infection, smoking, alcohol consumption, and biliary tract diseases were independent risk factors, whereas diabetes, obesity, and cirrhosis were not associated with CCA. By age and sex-adjusted analysis, chronic biliary tract diseases, especially choledochal cysts and smoking, were risk factors for CCA, with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 12.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-116.9) and 3.8 (95% CI: 1.3-11.8), respectively, while <i>O. viverrini</i> infection became insignificant risk for CCA (aOR 1.8, 95% CI: 0.8-4.1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In contrast with endemic areas for <i>O. viverrini</i> infection, chronic biliary tract diseases and smoking are major risk factors, whereas <i>O. viverrini</i> infection has trivial contribution to the development of CCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":8501,"journal":{"name":"Asian Biomedicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524676/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Asian Biomedicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2024-0028","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/10/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Thailand has the world's highest prevalence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), especially in the endemic area of liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini infection. However, other regions of Thailand still have relatively high CCA prevalence.
Objectives: We aimed to determine CCA risk factors in areas not endemic for OV infection.
Methods: A case--control study was performed at a referral center during December 2016-December 2017. We collected blood samples and information from CCA patients and identified them as cases. The control group comprised patients who visited a gastrointestinal clinic for colorectal cancer screening colonoscopy. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for CCA.
Results: Of 138 participants, O. viverrini infection rate was higher in the case than in the control group (57.1% vs. 36.1%, P = 0.023). Male, O. viverrini infection, smoking, alcohol consumption, and biliary tract diseases were independent risk factors, whereas diabetes, obesity, and cirrhosis were not associated with CCA. By age and sex-adjusted analysis, chronic biliary tract diseases, especially choledochal cysts and smoking, were risk factors for CCA, with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 12.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-116.9) and 3.8 (95% CI: 1.3-11.8), respectively, while O. viverrini infection became insignificant risk for CCA (aOR 1.8, 95% CI: 0.8-4.1).
Conclusions: In contrast with endemic areas for O. viverrini infection, chronic biliary tract diseases and smoking are major risk factors, whereas O. viverrini infection has trivial contribution to the development of CCA.
期刊介绍:
Asian Biomedicine: Research, Reviews and News (ISSN 1905-7415 print; 1875-855X online) is published in one volume (of 6 bimonthly issues) a year since 2007. [...]Asian Biomedicine is an international, general medical and biomedical journal that aims to publish original peer-reviewed contributions dealing with various topics in the biomedical and health sciences from basic experimental to clinical aspects. The work and authorship must be strongly affiliated with a country in Asia, or with specific importance and relevance to the Asian region. The Journal will publish reviews, original experimental studies, observational studies, technical and clinical (case) reports, practice guidelines, historical perspectives of Asian biomedicine, clinicopathological conferences, and commentaries
Asian biomedicine is intended for a broad and international audience, primarily those in the health professions including researchers, physician practitioners, basic medical scientists, dentists, educators, administrators, those in the assistive professions, such as nurses, and the many types of allied health professionals in research and health care delivery systems including those in training.