Endoscopic Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography for Fibrosis Screening in Patients with Obesity and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): A Pilot Study (With Video).

Abstract

Background and aims: Liver fibrosis staging is challenging in patients with obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Liver biopsies are invasive, whereas non-invasive tests such as vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) can be inaccurate in patients with obesity. We hypothesized that endoscopic ultrasound shear wave elastography (EUS-SWE) is more accurate for liver fibrosis staging in patients with MASLD and obesity, and in this pilot study we aimed to test this hypothesis and establish optimal fibrosis stage cutoffs for EUS-SWE.

Methods: This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study from prospectively collected data. Consecutive patients who underwent EUS-SWE with subsequent liver biopsy were included. EUS-SWE was compared to Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4) and VCTE. Area under the receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) curve analysis was performed, and 90% sensitivity and specific cutoffs were calculated to determine optimal cutoffs.

Results: 62 patients were included. Mean body mass index was 40.74kg/m². EUS-SWE was superior to FIB-4 in discriminating significant fibrosis (F2; AUROC 0.87 vs 0.61, p<0.0048) and advanced fibrosis (F3; AUROC 0.93 vs 0.63 p<0.0001), but not cirrhosis (F4; AUROC 0.95 vs 0.81, p=0.099). EUS-SWE was superior to VCTE in predicting advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis (p=0.0067 and 0.0022 respectively). 90% sensitivity cutoffs for EUS-SWE were 7.50, 8.48, and 11.30 for F2-F4 respectively, and 90% specificity cutoffs were 9.82, 10.20, and 14.60 respectively.

Conclusions: In this pilot study, EUS-SWE was superior to FIB-4 and VCTE for liver fibrosis staging in patients with MASLD and obesity (Clinical trial registration number: NCT05728697).