New remains of Doedicurini (Cingulata, Glyptodontidae) from the latest Pliocene/earliest Pleistocene of the Pampean Region (Argentina) shed light on the morphological evolution of the caudal tube

IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of South American Earth Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1016/j.jsames.2024.105232
A. Núñez-Blasco , M. De los Reyes , F. Cuadrelli , S. Quiñones , A.E. Zurita
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Abstract

Glyptodonts are probably among the most iconic and enigmatic mammals that ever lived during the Cenozoic of America. One of the main clades, Hoplophorinae, developed since the Miocene a structure unique within mammals, the caudal tube, composed of the union of the distal most caudal rings of the caudal armor. In some taxa, especially in the Late Pleistocene species, the caudal tube suffered significant morphological changes. One extreme case is represented by the giant-sized Doedicurini Doedicurus clavicaudatus, in which the caudal tube is transformed into a kind of “clave” (ie., a widening of the distal part, and some large lateral figures where corneal “spine-like” structure were inserted). It has been suggested that this was used in intraspecific combat rather than having a defensive function. Despite this, almost nothing is known about the morphological evolution of this structure along the evolutionary history of Doedicurini. The finding of new remains of Eleutherocercus sp. (a partial caudal tube and dorsal carapace) from the El Polvorín Formation at the Plio/Pleistocene boundary in the surrounding of Olavarría (Buenos Aires province, Argentina), allow us a better understanding of the morphological evolution of this structure between the Late Miocene/Pliocene Eleutherocercus spp. (ca. 7–2.6 Ma) and the Late Pleistocene Doedicurus clavicaudatus. The extreme modification in D. clavicaudatus involves, among others, the disappearance of the most proximal lateral figures, an increase in the diameter of the I Lat figures and disappearance of the II and III Lat figures; and increase in size and lateralisation of the dorso-ventral pairs (especially the 1st pair).
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潘潘地区(阿根廷)上新世晚期/更新世早期的Doedicurini(Cingulata, Glyptodontidae)新遗骸揭示了尾管的形态演变过程
地龙可能是美洲新生代最具代表性和最神秘的哺乳动物之一。其中一个主要支系--Hoplophorinae--从中新世开始就发展出了哺乳动物中独一无二的结构--尾管,由尾甲最远端的尾环结合而成。在一些类群中,特别是在晚更新世的物种中,尾管发生了显著的形态变化。一个极端的例子是体型巨大的Doedicurini Doedicurus clavicaudatus,它的尾管变成了一种 "clave"(即远端部分加宽,并在一些大的侧面图形中插入了角膜 "刺状 "结构)。有人认为,这是在种内战斗中使用的,而不是具有防御功能。尽管如此,人们对这种结构在 Doedicurini 进化史上的形态演变几乎一无所知。在奥拉瓦里亚(阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯省)周围的普利奥/更新世边界的埃尔波尔沃林地层中发现了新的Eleutherocercus sp.遗骸(部分尾管和背甲),使我们能够更好地了解晚中新世/更新世的Eleutherocercus spp.(约7-2.6 Ma)和晚更新世的Doedicurus clavicaudatus之间这种结构的形态演变。D.clavicaudatus的极端变化包括:最近端侧位点消失,I.Lat位点直径增大,II.Lat位点和III.Lat位点消失;背腹部对位点(尤其是第1对)的尺寸增大和侧化。
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来源期刊
Journal of South American Earth Sciences
Journal of South American Earth Sciences 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
22.20%
发文量
364
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Papers must have a regional appeal and should present work of more than local significance. Research papers dealing with the regional geology of South American cratons and mobile belts, within the following research fields: -Economic geology, metallogenesis and hydrocarbon genesis and reservoirs. -Geophysics, geochemistry, volcanology, igneous and metamorphic petrology. -Tectonics, neo- and seismotectonics and geodynamic modeling. -Geomorphology, geological hazards, environmental geology, climate change in America and Antarctica, and soil research. -Stratigraphy, sedimentology, structure and basin evolution. -Paleontology, paleoecology, paleoclimatology and Quaternary geology. New developments in already established regional projects and new initiatives dealing with the geology of the continent will be summarized and presented on a regular basis. Short notes, discussions, book reviews and conference and workshop reports will also be included when relevant.
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