Advancements in Engineering Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids for Biomedical Innovations.

IF 10.7 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Small Methods Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1002/smtd.202401360
Qin Fan, Bicheng Sun, Jie Chao
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Abstract

Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) are renowned for their controllable self-assembly, exceptional programmability, and excellent biocompatibility, which have led to their widespread application in the biomedical field. Beyond these features, tFNAs demonstrate unique chemical and biological properties including high cellular uptake efficiency, structural bio-stability, and tissue permeability, which are derived from their distinctive 3D structure. To date, an extensive range of tFNA-based nanostructures are intelligently designed and developed for various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, gene therapy, biosensing, and tissue engineering, among other emerging fields. In addition to their role in drug delivery systems, tFNAs also possess intrinsic properties that render them highly effective as therapeutic agents in the treatment of complex diseases, including arthritis, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. This dual functionality significantly enhances the utility of tFNAs in biomedical research, presenting valuable opportunities for the development of next-generation medical technologies across diverse therapeutic and diagnostic platforms. Consequently, this review comprehensively introduces the latest advancements of tFNAs in the biomedical field, with a focus on their benefits and applications as drug delivery nanoplatforms, and their inherent capabilities as therapeutic agents. Furthermore, the current limitations, challenges, and future perspectives of tFNAs are explored.

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用于生物医学创新的四面体框架核酸工程的进展。
四面体框架核酸(tFNAs)以其可控的自组装、优异的可编程性和出色的生物相容性而闻名,并因此在生物医学领域得到广泛应用。除了这些特点外,tFNA 还具有独特的化学和生物特性,包括高细胞摄取效率、结构生物稳定性和组织渗透性,这些特性都源于其独特的三维结构。迄今为止,基于 tFNA 的各种纳米结构已被智能化地设计和开发用于各种生物医学应用,如药物输送、基因治疗、生物传感和组织工程等新兴领域。除了在药物输送系统中的作用外,tFNA 还具有内在特性,使其在治疗复杂疾病(包括关节炎、神经退行性疾病和心血管疾病)方面成为非常有效的治疗剂。这种双重功能大大提高了 tFNA 在生物医学研究中的实用性,为开发跨各种治疗和诊断平台的下一代医疗技术提供了宝贵的机会。因此,本综述全面介绍了 tFNAs 在生物医学领域的最新进展,重点关注其作为药物输送纳米平台的优势和应用,以及其作为治疗剂的固有功能。此外,还探讨了 tFNAs 目前的局限性、面临的挑战和未来前景。
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来源期刊
Small Methods
Small Methods Materials Science-General Materials Science
CiteScore
17.40
自引率
1.60%
发文量
347
期刊介绍: Small Methods is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes groundbreaking research on methods relevant to nano- and microscale research. It welcomes contributions from the fields of materials science, biomedical science, chemistry, and physics, showcasing the latest advancements in experimental techniques. With a notable 2022 Impact Factor of 12.4 (Journal Citation Reports, Clarivate Analytics, 2023), Small Methods is recognized for its significant impact on the scientific community. The online ISSN for Small Methods is 2366-9608.
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