Aggressive bone tumours: what a radiologist can offer to the surgeon?

Abstract

The management of aggressive bone tumours requires a multidisciplinary approach, with radiologists playing a central role alongside clinicians and pathologists. Radiologists contribute significantly to diagnosing benign and some aggressive tumours, although complex cases often need histopathological confirmation. Their expertise in tumour characterization and extension assessment is crucial for treatment planning. Radiologists guide biopsies to ensure accurate sampling with minimal morbidity and low risk of tumour spread. They also support preoperative planning through 3D tumour reconstructions, aiding surgeons in devising optimal surgical strategies. During surgery, radiologists enhance precision using intraoperative imaging techniques, such as image fusion and MRI, which allow real-time adjustments. Postoperative monitoring for recurrence depends heavily on radiological imaging, with functional MRI providing insights into residual or recurrent disease. Furthermore, radiologists are integral to image-guided therapies for aggressive bone tumours, performing procedures like osteoplasty and ablation to manage pain and control tumour growth. In sum, radiologists are invaluable members of the care team, providing expertise in diagnosis, biopsy, surgical planning, intraoperative guidance, postoperative monitoring, and therapeutic interventions, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.