The role of astrocytes from synaptic to non-synaptic plasticity.

IF 4.2 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-10-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fncel.2024.1477985
Rafael Sanz-Gálvez, Dominic Falardeau, Arlette Kolta, Yanis Inglebert
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Abstract

Information storage and transfer in the brain require a high computational power. Neuronal network display various local or global mechanisms to allow information storage and transfer in the brain. From synaptic to intrinsic plasticity, the rules of input-output function modulation have been well characterized in neurons. In the past years, astrocytes have been suggested to increase the computational power of the brain and we are only just starting to uncover their role in information processing. Astrocytes maintain a close bidirectional communication with neurons to modify neuronal network excitability, transmission, axonal conduction, and plasticity through various mechanisms including the release of gliotransmitters or local ion homeostasis. Astrocytes have been significantly studied in the context of long-term or short-term synaptic plasticity, but this is not the only mechanism involved in memory formation. Plasticity of intrinsic neuronal excitability also participates in memory storage through regulation of voltage-gated ion channels or axonal morphological changes. Yet, the contribution of astrocytes to these other forms of non-synaptic plasticity remains to be investigated. In this review, we summarized the recent advances on the role of astrocytes in different forms of plasticity and discuss new directions and ideas to be explored regarding astrocytes-neuronal communication and regulation of plasticity.

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从突触到非突触可塑性中星形胶质细胞的作用
大脑中的信息存储和传输需要很强的计算能力。神经元网络显示出各种局部或全局机制,使信息在大脑中得以存储和传递。从突触到内在可塑性,神经元的输入输出功能调控规则已得到很好的表征。在过去几年中,星形胶质细胞被认为可以提高大脑的计算能力,而我们才刚刚开始揭示它们在信息处理中的作用。星形胶质细胞与神经元保持密切的双向交流,通过各种机制(包括释放胶质递质或局部离子平衡)改变神经元网络的兴奋性、传递、轴突传导和可塑性。星形胶质细胞在长期或短期突触可塑性方面得到了大量研究,但这并不是记忆形成的唯一机制。神经元固有兴奋性的可塑性也会通过调节电压门控离子通道或轴突形态变化参与记忆储存。然而,星形胶质细胞对这些其他形式的非突触可塑性的贡献仍有待研究。在这篇综述中,我们总结了有关星形胶质细胞在不同形式可塑性中的作用的最新进展,并讨论了有关星形胶质细胞-神经元交流和可塑性调控的新方向和有待探索的观点。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
3.80%
发文量
627
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research that advances our understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying cell function in the nervous system across all species. Specialty Chief Editors Egidio D‘Angelo at the University of Pavia and Christian Hansel at the University of Chicago are supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
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