Transport functions of intestinal lymphatic vessels

IF 45.9 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI:10.1038/s41575-024-00996-z
Patrick Tso, Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani, Tatiana V. Petrova, Min Liu
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Abstract

Lymphatic vessels are crucial for fluid absorption and the transport of peripheral immune cells to lymph nodes. However, in the small intestine, the lymphatic fluid is rich in diet-derived lipids incorporated into chylomicrons and gut-specific immune cells. Thus, intestinal lymphatic vessels have evolved to handle these unique cargoes and are critical for systemic dietary lipid delivery and metabolism. This Review covers mechanisms of lipid absorption from epithelial cells to the lymphatics as well as unique features of the gut microenvironment that affect these functions. Moreover, we discuss details of the intestinal lymphatics in gut immune cell trafficking and insights into the role of inter-organ communication. Lastly, we highlight the particularities of fat absorption that can be harnessed for efficient lipid-soluble drug distribution for novel therapies, including the ability of chylomicron-associated drugs to bypass first-pass liver metabolism for systemic delivery. In all, this Review will help to promote an understanding of intestinal lymphatic–systemic interactions to guide future research directions.

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肠道淋巴管的运输功能
淋巴管对于液体吸收和将外周免疫细胞运送到淋巴结至关重要。然而,在小肠中,淋巴液富含膳食脂质,这些脂质融入乳糜微粒和肠道特异性免疫细胞中。因此,肠道淋巴管在进化过程中处理了这些独特的货物,对全身饮食脂质的输送和代谢至关重要。本综述涵盖从上皮细胞到淋巴管的脂质吸收机制,以及影响这些功能的肠道微环境的独特特征。此外,我们还讨论了肠道淋巴管在肠道免疫细胞贩运中的细节,以及对器官间通信作用的见解。最后,我们强调了脂肪吸收的特殊性,这些特殊性可被用于新型疗法的高效脂溶性药物分布,包括乳糜微粒相关药物绕过肝脏的首次代谢进行全身给药的能力。总之,本综述将有助于促进对肠淋巴系统相互作用的了解,从而指导未来的研究方向。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
52.30
自引率
0.60%
发文量
147
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology aims to serve as the leading resource for Reviews and commentaries within the scientific and medical communities it caters to. The journal strives to maintain authority, accessibility, and clarity in its published articles, which are complemented by easily understandable figures, tables, and other display items. Dedicated to providing exceptional service to authors, referees, and readers, the editorial team works diligently to maximize the usefulness and impact of each publication. The journal encompasses a wide range of content types, including Research Highlights, News & Views, Comments, Reviews, Perspectives, and Consensus Statements, all pertinent to gastroenterologists and hepatologists. With its broad scope, Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology ensures that its articles reach a diverse audience, aiming for the widest possible dissemination of valuable information. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology is part of the Nature Reviews portfolio of journals.
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