The plasma proteome reveals markers of recent and repeated stress in free-ranging seals.

IF 2.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Conservation Physiology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/conphys/coae075
Jessica G Avalos, Cory D Champagne, Dan E Crocker, Jane I Khudyakov
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Abstract

Animals in nature potentially experience multiple stressors, and those of anthropogenic origin are likely to be repeated or chronic. However, stress hormone levels are highly context-dependent and are not consistent predictors of chronic stress in wildlife. Profiling the downstream consequences of repeated stress responses, such as changes in metabolism or gene expression, may be more informative for predicting their individual-level health consequences and population-level impacts, which are key objectives for wildlife conservation. We previously found that in free-ranging juvenile elephant seals, the blubber transcriptome and proteome, but not cortisol levels, could distinguish between responses to single versus repeated stress axis stimulation. However, the blubber proteome response to stress was limited and mainly involved extra-cellular matrix proteins. In this study, we examined the plasma proteome response of four of the same animals to the repeated stress experiment, since multiple organs secrete proteins into the circulation, providing a readout of their activity and integration. We isolated plasma proteins, identified and quantified them using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and compared their abundance between sampling times. We identified >200 proteins in plasma, of which 42 were altered in abundance, revealing complex protein dynamics in response to repeated stress challenges. These changes were delayed but sustained, suggesting that the plasma proteome may reflect longer term integration of multi-organ responses to recent, rather than immediate, challenges. Differentially abundant proteins included components of the osmoregulatory system, acute phase and complement proteins, organokines, apolipoproteins and hormone transport proteins, which coordinate physiological processes with significant implications for marine mammal health and may explain several aspects of marine mammal stress physiology, such as insulin resistance and high aldosterone levels. We identified several potentially novel biomarkers, such as AGT, HPX, TTR and APOA4, that may be useful for detecting recent and repeated stress exposure in marine mammals.

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血浆蛋白质组揭示了自由放养海豹近期和反复受到压力的标记。
自然界中的动物可能会经历多种压力,而人为因素造成的压力很可能是反复或慢性的。然而,压力荷尔蒙水平高度依赖于环境,并不能一致地预测野生动物的慢性压力。分析重复应激反应的下游后果(如新陈代谢或基因表达的变化)可能更有助于预测其对个体健康的影响和对种群的影响,而这正是保护野生动物的关键目标。我们之前发现,在自由放养的幼年象海豹中,鲸脂转录组和蛋白质组(而非皮质醇水平)可以区分对单一应激轴刺激和重复应激轴刺激的反应。然而,鲸脂蛋白质组对压力的反应是有限的,主要涉及细胞外基质蛋白。在本研究中,我们检测了四只相同动物对重复应激实验的血浆蛋白质组反应,因为多个器官都会分泌蛋白质进入循环,从而提供它们的活性和整合读数。我们分离了血浆蛋白质,使用液相色谱法和串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)对其进行了鉴定和定量,并比较了不同采样时间的蛋白质丰度。我们在血浆中鉴定出了超过 200 种蛋白质,其中 42 种蛋白质的丰度发生了变化,揭示了蛋白质在应对反复压力挑战时的复杂动态变化。这些变化是延迟的,但却是持续的,这表明血浆蛋白质组可能反映了多器官对近期而非近期挑战的反应的长期整合。含量不同的蛋白质包括渗透调节系统成分、急性期和补体蛋白、器官因子、脂蛋白和激素转运蛋白,它们协调着对海洋哺乳动物健康有重大影响的生理过程,并可能解释海洋哺乳动物应激生理的几个方面,如胰岛素抵抗和高醛固酮水平。我们发现了几种潜在的新型生物标志物,如 AGT、HPX、TTR 和 APOA4,它们可能有助于检测海洋哺乳动物近期和反复暴露于应激的情况。
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来源期刊
Conservation Physiology
Conservation Physiology Environmental Science-Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
3.70%
发文量
71
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Conservation Physiology is an online only, fully open access journal published on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. Biodiversity across the globe faces a growing number of threats associated with human activities. Conservation Physiology will publish research on all taxa (microbes, plants and animals) focused on understanding and predicting how organisms, populations, ecosystems and natural resources respond to environmental change and stressors. Physiology is considered in the broadest possible terms to include functional and mechanistic responses at all scales. We also welcome research towards developing and refining strategies to rebuild populations, restore ecosystems, inform conservation policy, and manage living resources. We define conservation physiology broadly and encourage potential authors to contact the editorial team if they have any questions regarding the remit of the journal.
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