Changes in the population and diversity of plant parasitic nematodes and their effects on sugarcane growth at Wonji-Shoa Sugar Estate, Ethiopia

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRONOMY Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI:10.1002/agg2.70006
Alemayehu Dengia, Nigussae Dechassa, Lemma Wogi, Berhanu Amsalu
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Abstract

In Wonji-Shoa Sugar Estate (WSSE), sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) yields have declined by about 48% over the last 70 years. One of the causes for the decline is assumed to be the long-term monoculture production system that results in the buildup of plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs). Therefore, the population and diversity of PPNs were investigated by conducting soil sampling using a biosequential method (simultaneous sampling of the soils of adjacent cultivated land [CL] and uncultivated land [UL]) and a chronosequential method (taking soil samples at different times from the same site). The samples were subjected to analysis using standard procedures to determine the change in the population, and identify the genera of PPNs. Additionally, a pot experiment that involved fumigation was conducted on top soils sampled from the CL and UL of the plantation. The results revealed that about 10 genera of PPNs (Meloidogyne, Helicotylenchus, Hoplolaimus, Rotylenchulus, Hemicycliophora, Discriconemella, Xhiphinema, Pratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus, and Scutellonema) were detected, of which the first four were newly identified. The population density and the number of genera of PPNs found in the CL were 36-fold and 4.5-fold higher than those found in the UL, respectively. Furthermore, fumigation reduced the population of the PPNs by 61% and increased production of cane biomass by 63%. It is concluded that the soils of the WSSE are infested by PPNs, which consequently have detrimental effects on sugarcane growth. While amending soil fertility is crucial, reversing the decline in sugarcane yields also necessitates implementing an integrated soil management system that includes PPNs.

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埃塞俄比亚 Wonji-Shoa 糖厂植物寄生线虫数量和多样性的变化及其对甘蔗生长的影响
在过去的 70 年里,元智娑阿糖业公司(WSSE)的甘蔗(蔗属杂交甘蔗)产量下降了约 48%。产量下降的原因之一被认为是长期的单一种植生产系统导致了植物寄生线虫(PPNs)的积累。因此,我们采用生物序列法(同时对相邻耕地 [CL] 和未耕地 [UL] 的土壤取样)和时间序列法(在同一地点的不同时间采集土壤样本)进行土壤取样,调查了 PPN 的数量和多样性。采用标准程序对样本进行分析,以确定种群数量的变化,并确定 PPN 的属种。此外,还对种植园 CL 和 UL 的表层土壤进行了熏蒸实验。结果显示,发现了约 10 个 PPNs 属(Meloidogyne、Helicotylenchus、Hoplolaimus、Rotylenchulus、Hemicycliophora、Discriconemella、Xhiphinema、Pratylenchus、Tylenchorhynchus 和 Scutellonema),其中前四个属是新发现的。在 CL 中发现的 PPNs 种群密度和属数分别是在 UL 中发现的 36 倍和 4.5 倍。此外,熏蒸使 PPNs 的数量减少了 61%,甘蔗生物量的产量增加了 63%。由此得出的结论是,WSSE 的土壤受到 PPN 的侵扰,因此对甘蔗的生长产生了不利影响。虽然改善土壤肥力至关重要,但要扭转甘蔗产量下降的趋势,还必须实施包括 PPNs 在内的综合土壤管理系统。
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来源期刊
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
80
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊最新文献
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