Acute and long-term effects of COVID-19 on brain and mental health: A narrative review

IF 8.8 2区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Brain, Behavior, and Immunity Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI:10.1016/j.bbi.2024.11.007

J. Douglas Bremner , Scott J. Russo , Richard Gallagher , Naomi M. Simon

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Abstract

Background

COVID infection has been associated with long term sequalae (Long COVID) which include neurological and behavioral effects in thousands of patients, but the etiology and scope of symptoms is not well understood. This paper reviews long term sequelae of COVID on brain and mental health in patients with the Long COVID syndrome.

Methods

This was a literature review which queried databases for Pubmed, Psychinfo, and Medline for the following topics for January 1, 2020-July 15, 2023: Long COVID, PASC, brain, brain imaging, neurological, neurobiology, mental health, anxiety, depression.

Results

Tens of thousands of patients have developed Long COVID, with the most common neurobehavioral symptoms anosmia (loss of smell) and fatigue. Anxiety and mood disorders are elevated and seen in about 25% of Long COVID patients. Neuropsychological testing studies show a correlation between symptom severity and cognitive dysfunction, while brain imaging studies show global decreases in gray matter and alterations in olfactory and other brain areas.

Conclusions

Studies to date show an increase in neurobehavioral disturbances in patients with Long COVID. Future research is needed to determine mechanisms.

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COVID-19 对大脑和心理健康的急性和长期影响：叙述性综述。

背景：数以千计的患者在感染 COVID 后出现长期后遗症（Long COVID），其中包括神经和行为方面的影响，但人们对其病因和症状范围还不甚了解。本文综述了 COVID 对长 COVID 综合征患者的大脑和精神健康造成的长期后遗症：这是一篇文献综述，检索了 Pubmed、Psychinfo 和 Medline 数据库中 2020 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 7 月 15 日的以下主题：Long COVID、PASC、大脑、大脑成像、神经学、神经生物学、心理健康、焦虑、抑郁：数以万计的患者患上了 Long COVID，最常见的神经行为症状是嗅觉丧失和疲劳。焦虑症和情绪障碍的发病率较高，约有 25% 的 Long COVID 患者会出现焦虑症和情绪障碍。神经心理学测试研究显示，症状严重程度与认知功能障碍之间存在相关性，而脑成像研究显示，灰质全面减少，嗅觉和其他脑区发生改变：结论：迄今为止的研究表明，长COVID患者的神经行为障碍有所增加。未来的研究需要确定其机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

29.60

自引率

2.00%

发文量

290

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Established in 1987, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity proudly serves as the official journal of the Psychoneuroimmunology Research Society (PNIRS). This pioneering journal is dedicated to publishing peer-reviewed basic, experimental, and clinical studies that explore the intricate interactions among behavioral, neural, endocrine, and immune systems in both humans and animals. As an international and interdisciplinary platform, Brain, Behavior, and Immunity focuses on original research spanning neuroscience, immunology, integrative physiology, behavioral biology, psychiatry, psychology, and clinical medicine. The journal is inclusive of research conducted at various levels, including molecular, cellular, social, and whole organism perspectives. With a commitment to efficiency, the journal facilitates online submission and review, ensuring timely publication of experimental results. Manuscripts typically undergo peer review and are returned to authors within 30 days of submission. It's worth noting that Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, published eight times a year, does not impose submission fees or page charges, fostering an open and accessible platform for scientific discourse.