Prevalence and correlates of common mental disorders in people living with HIV in primary health care facilities in Ekurhuleni district.

IF 1.2 Q4 PRIMARY HEALTH CARE African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.4102/phcfm.v16i1.4568

Aniekan Edet, Samuel Agbo, Afolake A Amodu, Nwabisa N Edet

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Abstract

Background: There is paucity of data regarding the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ekurhuleni Health District (EHD), South Africa. Also, there is an association between CMDs and poor HIV treatment outcomes. Guidelines therefore recommend that healthcare practitioners screen for CMDs in PLHIV.

Aim: To determine the prevalence and correlates of CMDs in PLHIV in primary health care facilities in Ekurhuleni district.

Setting: Seven primary health facilities in Ekurhuleni district.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which data were collected from 403 randomly selected participants, using a questionnaire that incorporated the scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)-7 and substance use disorder (SUD) criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM 5). The proportion screening positive for CMDs was calculated. 'R' statistical software was used for univariate and multivariate analysis, with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%.

Results: Most participants (63%) were female and the mean age was 43 ± 11 years. Forty per cent of participants screened positive for CMDs, 16.6%, 15.1% and 24.1% screened positive for depression, GAD and SUD, respectively. Common mental disorders were associated with poor adherence and HIV non-suppression, while increasing age and being female were associated with reduced risk of CMDs. The risk of severe SUDs in males was 11 times compared to females. During assessment, clinicians screened only 16%, 14% and 40% of the cohort for depression, GAD and SUDs, respectively.

Conclusion: The prevalence of CMDs remains high. Adherence to recommendations to screen for CMDs in PLHIV is low.Contribution: This study reveals a low CMD screening rate, estimates the prevalence of CMDs in PLHIV in Ekurhuleni district, and its impact.

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埃库尔胡莱尼地区初级医疗机构中艾滋病病毒感染者常见精神障碍的患病率及相关因素。

背景：有关南非埃库尔胡莱尼卫生区（EHD）艾滋病病毒感染者（PLHIV）常见精神障碍（CMDs）发病率的数据很少。此外，常见精神障碍与艾滋病治疗效果不佳之间存在关联。因此，指南建议医护人员对艾滋病毒感染者进行CMD筛查。目的：确定Ekurhuleni地区初级医疗机构中艾滋病毒感染者CMD的患病率及其相关性：环境：埃库尔胡莱尼地区的七家初级医疗机构：方法：对随机抽取的 403 名参与者进行了横断面研究，通过问卷收集数据，问卷中包含了患者健康问卷 (PHQ)-9、广泛性焦虑症 (GAD)-7 和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版 (DSM 5) 中的药物使用障碍 (SUD) 标准。计算了筛查结果呈阳性的 CMD 比例。使用 "R "统计软件进行单变量和多变量分析，置信区间（CI）为 95%：大多数参与者（63%）为女性，平均年龄为 43 ± 11 岁。40%的参与者筛查出CMD阳性，16.6%、15.1%和24.1%的参与者筛查出抑郁、GAD和SUD阳性。常见的精神障碍与依从性差和艾滋病病毒未被抑制有关，而年龄的增加和女性则与CMDs风险的降低有关。男性患严重 SUD 的风险是女性的 11 倍。在评估过程中，临床医生分别只对16%、14%和40%的人群进行了抑郁、严重情感障碍和药物依赖筛查：结论：CMD 的发病率仍然很高。结论：CMD 的患病率仍然很高，但对 PLHIV 中 CMD 筛查建议的依从性却很低：本研究揭示了CMD筛查率较低的问题，估计了Ekurhuleni地区PLHIV中CMD的患病率及其影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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