Multimodal examination of daily stress rhythms in chronic Cannabis users.

IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES Psychopharmacology Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1007/s00213-024-06709-3
Nicholas C Glodosky, Michael J Cleveland, Reza Rahimi Azghan, Hassan Ghasemzadeh, Ryan J McLaughlin, Carrie Cuttler
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Abstract

Rationale: Chronic cannabis users frequently report stress relief as their primary reason for use. The endocannabinoid system is involved in the neuroendocrine stress response, and diurnal cortisol rhythms may be disrupted in chronic cannabis users.

Objectives: The objectives were to determine whether cannabis users demonstrate disruptions in diurnal stress rhythms and examine the acute effects of cannabis on stress-related outcomes in cannabis users' natural environments.

Methods: Eighty-two participants (39 cannabis users, 43 non-users) collected saliva samples to quantify cortisol concentrations and provided subjective stress ratings at 8 time points throughout the day. They wore a medical-grade wearable device for 24 h that recorded physiological indicators of stress (heart rate variability, electrodermal activity). Cannabis users collected additional saliva samples before and after cannabis use to examine acute effects of cannabis use.

Results: Cannabis users exhibited significant dysregulations in diurnal cortisol rhythms, including a blunted cortisol awakening response, flattened diurnal cortisol slope, and elevated afternoon cortisol concentrations. There were no differences in diurnal heart rate variability or electrodermal activity except for elevated evening heart rate in cannabis users. Finally, there were significant decreases in cortisol, subjective stress, and electrodermal activity following acute cannabis use in cannabis users' natural environment.

Conclusions: These results provide evidence of dysregulated diurnal cortisol rhythms in cannabis users that were related to later waking times and acute stress-relieving properties of cannabis use in naturalistic environments. Future research should examine the direction of the relationship between cannabis use and diurnal cortisol rhythms and potential implications for other psychological disorders.

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对长期吸食大麻者的日常压力节律进行多模式检查。
理由:长期吸食大麻者经常称缓解压力是他们吸食大麻的主要原因。内大麻素系统参与神经内分泌应激反应,长期吸食大麻者的皮质醇昼夜节律可能会被打乱:目的:确定大麻使用者的昼夜应激节律是否紊乱,并研究大麻对大麻使用者自然环境中与应激有关的结果的急性影响:82 名参与者(39 名大麻使用者,43 名非使用者)收集唾液样本以量化皮质醇浓度,并在全天 8 个时间点提供主观压力评级。他们佩戴医疗级可穿戴设备 24 小时,该设备可记录压力的生理指标(心率变异性、皮肤电活动)。大麻使用者在吸食大麻前后还收集了唾液样本,以检查吸食大麻的急性影响:结果:吸食大麻者的皮质醇昼夜节律表现出明显的失调,包括皮质醇觉醒反应减弱、皮质醇昼夜斜率变平以及下午皮质醇浓度升高。除了大麻使用者傍晚心率升高外,昼夜心率变异性或皮肤电活动均无差异。最后,在大麻使用者的自然环境中急性吸食大麻后,皮质醇、主观压力和皮电活动均明显下降:这些结果提供了大麻使用者皮质醇昼夜节律失调的证据,而这种失调与晚醒时间和在自然环境中使用大麻的急性压力缓解特性有关。今后的研究应探讨使用大麻与皮质醇昼夜节律之间关系的方向以及对其他心理疾病的潜在影响。
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来源期刊
Psychopharmacology
Psychopharmacology 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
5.90%
发文量
257
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Official Journal of the European Behavioural Pharmacology Society (EBPS) Psychopharmacology is an international journal that covers the broad topic of elucidating mechanisms by which drugs affect behavior. The scope of the journal encompasses the following fields: Human Psychopharmacology: Experimental This section includes manuscripts describing the effects of drugs on mood, behavior, cognition and physiology in humans. The journal encourages submissions that involve brain imaging, genetics, neuroendocrinology, and developmental topics. Usually manuscripts in this section describe studies conducted under controlled conditions, but occasionally descriptive or observational studies are also considered. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Translational This section comprises studies addressing the broad intersection of drugs and psychiatric illness. This includes not only clinical trials and studies of drug usage and metabolism, drug surveillance, and pharmacoepidemiology, but also work utilizing the entire range of clinically relevant methodologies, including neuroimaging, pharmacogenetics, cognitive science, biomarkers, and others. Work directed toward the translation of preclinical to clinical knowledge is especially encouraged. The key feature of submissions to this section is that they involve a focus on clinical aspects. Preclinical psychopharmacology: Behavioral and Neural This section considers reports on the effects of compounds with defined chemical structures on any aspect of behavior, in particular when correlated with neurochemical effects, in species other than humans. Manuscripts containing neuroscientific techniques in combination with behavior are welcome. We encourage reports of studies that provide insight into the mechanisms of drug action, at the behavioral and molecular levels. Preclinical Psychopharmacology: Translational This section considers manuscripts that enhance the confidence in a central mechanism that could be of therapeutic value for psychiatric or neurological patients, using disease-relevant preclinical models and tests, or that report on preclinical manipulations and challenges that have the potential to be translated to the clinic. Studies aiming at the refinement of preclinical models based upon clinical findings (back-translation) will also be considered. The journal particularly encourages submissions that integrate measures of target tissue exposure, activity on the molecular target and/or modulation of the targeted biochemical pathways. Preclinical Psychopharmacology: Molecular, Genetic and Epigenetic This section focuses on the molecular and cellular actions of neuropharmacological agents / drugs, and the identification / validation of drug targets affecting the CNS in health and disease. We particularly encourage studies that provide insight into the mechanisms of drug action at the molecular level. Manuscripts containing evidence for genetic or epigenetic effects on neurochemistry or behavior are welcome.
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