Comparative study of neutralizing antibodies titers in response to different types of COVID-19 vaccines among a group of egyptian healthcare workers.

IF 4 3区医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Virology Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1186/s12985-024-02546-0

Sara Maher, Nihal M El Assaly, Doaa Mamdouh Aly, Shimaa Atta, Asmaa Mohamed Fteah, Hala Badawi, Manal Youssef Zahran, Manal Kamel

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Abstract

Background: Defining the protective thresholds against the severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-related corona virus-2 pandemic is a crucial challenge. To reduce the risks of severe disease, hospitalization, and death, various COVID-19 vaccines have been rapidly developed.

Aim of the work: This study aimed to assess the impact of three common COVID-19 vaccine types; two mRNA COVID-19 vaccines: (Pfizer/BioNTech's BNT162b2 and Moderna's mRNA-1273), one adenoviral vector vaccine: Oxford/AstraZeneca's ChAdOx1, and one inactivated vaccine (Sinovac Biotech/China's Sinovac) on the level of neutralizing antibodies, considering factors such as vaccine type, demographic characteristics, and hybrid immunity. We conducted a direct comparative analysis involving 300 healthcare workers, both with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (B.1, C.36.3, and AY.32 (Delta) variants). Neutralizing antibodies levels were measured at baseline (before vaccination), before the second dose, and six months after the second dose.

Results: The results showed a significant increase in neutralizing antibodies levels after complete vaccination with all vaccine types. Among healthcare workers, those vaccinated with mRNA vaccines (Moderna or Pfizer) exhibited the highest neutralizing antibodies titers, followed by AstraZeneca, and finally Sinovac with the lowest titer. On studying the effect of previous COVID-19 infection after vaccination, no significant difference in neutralizing antibodies levels was observed between healthcare workers vaccinated with mRNA or AstraZeneca vaccines, both with prior COVID-19 infection, following the first and six months after the second dose.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that individuals with prior COVID-19 may only require a single dose of mRNA or AstraZeneca vaccines to achieve a similar level of immunization as those without prior COVID-19 who completed the vaccination program.

Highlights: There is a significant increase in neutralizing antibodies levels after complete vaccination against COVID-19 Vaccination with mRNA vaccines exhibits the highest neutralizing antibodies titers. Vaccination with Sinovac exhibits the lowest neutralizing antibodies titers.

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一组埃及医护人员对不同类型 COVID-19 疫苗产生的中和抗体滴度的比较研究。

背景：确定与严重急性呼吸综合征相关的冠状病毒-2大流行的保护阈值是一项重大挑战。为了降低严重疾病、住院和死亡的风险，各种 COVID-19 疫苗已被迅速开发出来：本研究旨在评估三种常见 COVID-19 疫苗类型的影响；两种 mRNA COVID-19 疫苗：（辉瑞/BioNTech 的 BNT162b2 和 Moderna 的 mRNA-1273），一种腺病毒载体疫苗：在考虑疫苗类型、人口特征和混合免疫等因素的基础上，我们就中和抗体水平对牛津/阿斯利康的 ChAdOx1 和一种灭活疫苗（华卫生物/中国的 Sinovac）进行了比较。我们对 300 名医护人员进行了直接比较分析，其中包括曾感染过和未感染过 SARS-CoV-2（B.1、C.36.3 和 AY.32（Delta）变种）的医护人员。中和抗体水平在基线（接种疫苗前）、第二剂接种前和第二剂接种后六个月进行了测定：结果表明，接种所有类型的疫苗后，中和抗体水平都有明显提高。在医护人员中，接种 mRNA 疫苗（Moderna 或辉瑞）的中和抗体滴度最高，其次是阿斯利康，最后是 Sinovac，滴度最低。在研究接种疫苗后曾感染 COVID-19 的影响时，接种 mRNA 或阿斯利康疫苗的医护人员在接种第一剂后和第二剂后 6 个月的中和抗体水平没有明显差异：这些研究结果表明，既往感染过 COVID-19 的人员可能只需接种一剂 mRNA 或阿斯利康疫苗，就能达到与未感染过 COVID-19 并完成疫苗接种计划的人员相似的免疫水平：接种 mRNA 疫苗后，中和抗体滴度最高。接种 Sinovac 疫苗的中和抗体滴度最低。

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来源期刊

Virology Journal 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

2.10%

发文量

186

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Virology Journal is an open access, peer reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of virology, including research on the viruses of animals, plants and microbes. The journal welcomes basic research as well as pre-clinical and clinical studies of novel diagnostic tools, vaccines and anti-viral therapies. The Editorial policy of Virology Journal is to publish all research which is assessed by peer reviewers to be a coherent and sound addition to the scientific literature, and puts less emphasis on interest levels or perceived impact.