{"title":"Unlocking the future of colorectal cancer detection: Advances in screening glycosylation-based biomarkers on biological mass spectrometry technology","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465501","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly affecting younger populations, with its mortality rate rising annually. However, current clinical diagnostic techniques, such as colonoscopy and CEA antigen testing, remain invasive and prone to false-positive results, complicating early diagnosis and intervention. Glycosylation, a key post-translational modification, plays an essential role in cellular function, physiological regulation, and disease processes. In recent years, mass spectrometry technology has emerged as a powerful tool for screening glycan biomarkers, owing to its exceptional separation capabilities and sensitivity. This review encompasses the advancements in CRC glycan biomarkers from 2016 to 2024, with particular emphasis placed on N/O-glycan biomarkers identified through mass spectrometry. Nonetheless, the intrinsic low abundance and polyhydroxy nature of glycans hinder the specificity and sensitivity of current glycan biomarkers. To overcome these limitations, this article outlines pretreatment strategies for N/O-glycans, including glycan release, enrichment, purification, and derivatization, in conjunction with relative quantification techniques and high-throughput bioinformatics tools for biomarker screening. These strategies are anticipated to enhance the efficiency and precision of glycan biomarker identification through mass spectrometry. These advancements hold significant promise for enhancing CRC prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, thereby potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":347,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chromatography A","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Chromatography A","FirstCategoryId":"1","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021967324008756","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly affecting younger populations, with its mortality rate rising annually. However, current clinical diagnostic techniques, such as colonoscopy and CEA antigen testing, remain invasive and prone to false-positive results, complicating early diagnosis and intervention. Glycosylation, a key post-translational modification, plays an essential role in cellular function, physiological regulation, and disease processes. In recent years, mass spectrometry technology has emerged as a powerful tool for screening glycan biomarkers, owing to its exceptional separation capabilities and sensitivity. This review encompasses the advancements in CRC glycan biomarkers from 2016 to 2024, with particular emphasis placed on N/O-glycan biomarkers identified through mass spectrometry. Nonetheless, the intrinsic low abundance and polyhydroxy nature of glycans hinder the specificity and sensitivity of current glycan biomarkers. To overcome these limitations, this article outlines pretreatment strategies for N/O-glycans, including glycan release, enrichment, purification, and derivatization, in conjunction with relative quantification techniques and high-throughput bioinformatics tools for biomarker screening. These strategies are anticipated to enhance the efficiency and precision of glycan biomarker identification through mass spectrometry. These advancements hold significant promise for enhancing CRC prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, thereby potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Chromatography A provides a forum for the publication of original research and critical reviews on all aspects of fundamental and applied separation science. The scope of the journal includes chromatography and related techniques, electromigration techniques (e.g. electrophoresis, electrochromatography), hyphenated and other multi-dimensional techniques, sample preparation, and detection methods such as mass spectrometry. Contributions consist mainly of research papers dealing with the theory of separation methods, instrumental developments and analytical and preparative applications of general interest.