Zulfaqar Sa’adi , Shamsuddin Shahid , Mohammed Sanusi Shiru , Kamal Ahmed , Mahiuddin Alamgir , Mohamad Rajab Houmsi , Lama Nasrallah Houmsi
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
In Sarawak, a region highly vulnerable to climate change, the translation of climate-induced changes in rainfall to river flow is non-linear, presenting a challenge for water resource managers. This research investigates the impact of climate change on hydrological processes in Sarawak, Malaysia, with a specific focus on assessing future spatiotemporal variations in streamflow. The families of Random Forest (RF) empirical models based on data mining techniques were compared and utilized to develop a continuous hydrologic model. Then, by incorporating rainfall and evapotranspiration future projection prepared based on RF past performance statistical downscaling, the top performing RF empirical hydrological model was used for future streamflow projection. The results showed that despite an expected increase in rainfall, the RFR (Random Forest by Randomization) empirical hydrological model demonstrated a potential decrease in river runoff due to heightened evapotranspiration demands associated with rising temperatures. The examination of climate-induced alterations in both rainfall and evapotranspiration patterns revealed a consistent decrease in river discharges during the early to middle period across Sarawak, followed by a shift towards an increasing trend by the end of the 21st century. The central region along the Rajang basin exhibited a prevailing decrease in river discharge, with contrasting patterns in the last part of the century. The northern region displayed diverse trends, with some basins experiencing decreases in river runoff despite augmented rainfall, emphasizing the heterogeneity in response. By employing empirical models, and projecting future scenarios, the study contributes to a better understanding of climate change impacts on hydrology in the region, essential for effective water resource management and environmental conservation.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth''s atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them.
The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions.
Solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun create interesting and important perturbations in the near-Earth space environment. The physics of such "space weather" is central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics and the journal welcomes papers that lead in the direction of a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.