A speckle projection-based 3D digital image correlation method for measuring dynamic liquid surfaces

IF 2.3 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Experiments in Fluids Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1007/s00348-024-03907-9

Kai Wang, Bin Cheng, Derui Li, Sheng Xiang

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Abstract

Measuring dynamic liquid surfaces is a significant challenge in fluid mechanics and sloshing dynamics, with a notable lack of high-precision, effective full-field measurement methods. To resolve this challenge, this research proposes a speckle projection-based 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC) method for the measurement of dynamic liquid surfaces. The approach employs liquid staining and speckle projecting to create textured patterns on the liquid surface, which are then captured by binocular cameras. The binocular cameras are calibrated using a ratio-invariant method to accurately obtain the internal and external parameter matrices. Subsequently, algorithm based on zero-mean normalized cross-correlation (ZNCC) is utilized to reconstruct the dynamic liquid surface wave height field. To validate the accuracy of the method, a geometric optical numerical model is established to simulate binocular images of regular wave liquid surfaces with projected speckle patterns. The results show that full-field root mean square (RMS) error in simulated liquid surface measurement is less than 0.019 mm. Physical experiments were further conducted to confirm the method's applicability, achieving a maximal measurement error of 0.133 mm for real dynamic liquid surfaces. Results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high-precision, non-contact, and full-field measurements of dynamic liquid surfaces, making it ideal for laboratory measurements of flowing liquids.

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基于斑点投影的三维数字图像相关方法，用于测量动态液体表面

测量动态液体表面是流体力学和荡动动力学中的一项重大挑战，目前明显缺乏高精度、有效的全场测量方法。为解决这一难题，本研究提出了一种基于斑点投影的三维数字图像相关（3D-DIC）方法，用于测量动态液体表面。该方法利用液体染色和斑点投影在液体表面形成纹理图案，然后由双目相机捕捉。双目相机采用比值不变法进行校准，以准确获得内部和外部参数矩阵。随后，利用基于零均值归一化交叉相关（ZNCC）的算法重建动态液面波高场。为了验证该方法的准确性，建立了一个几何光学数值模型，模拟带有投射斑点图案的规则波液体表面的双目图像。结果表明，模拟液面测量的全场均方根误差小于 0.019 毫米。为证实该方法的适用性，还进一步进行了物理实验，对真实动态液体表面的最大测量误差为 0.133 毫米。结果表明，所提出的方法可对动态液体表面进行高精度、非接触和全场测量，是实验室测量流动液体的理想方法。

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来源期刊

Experiments in Fluids 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

12.50%

发文量

157

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Experiments in Fluids examines the advancement, extension, and improvement of new techniques of flow measurement. The journal also publishes contributions that employ existing experimental techniques to gain an understanding of the underlying flow physics in the areas of turbulence, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, convective heat transfer, combustion, turbomachinery, multi-phase flows, and chemical, biological and geological flows. In addition, readers will find papers that report on investigations combining experimental and analytical/numerical approaches.