Use of a Needle Probe to Measure the Thermal Conductivity of Electrically Conductive Liquids at High Temperatures

IF 2.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1007/s10765-024-03456-7
Ryan Ruth, Brian Merritt, Troy Munro
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Abstract

This paper considers the necessary conditions for using a derivative of a transient hot-wire (termed a needle probe) approach to measure the thermal conductivity of electrically conducting fluids at high temperatures, especially molten halide salts. The focus is on the development of a new theory based on a multi-layer system necessary to ensure electrical isolation of electrical wires from the surrounding fluid. This includes the use of a thin annulus of fluid to minimize convective heat transfer modes within the fluid of interest, which was inspired by the concentric cylinder method. Good measurements require the following considerations: concentricity of the probe and surrounding crucible to ensure a consistent fluid gap, accounting for corrections for deviation of the model at early times, and modeling radiation heat transfer through transparent fluids. Uncertainties are larger than transient hot-wire methods because of the deviations from experimental conditions that can easily match an analytical approximation. An appropriate estimation of the measurement uncertainty can be obtained through careful design of the instrumentation, thorough uncertainty analysis, and limiting the measurements to only the applicable thermal property ranges of the approach. The 1D model used to interpret measured temperature data has been shown to be reliable for thermal conductivity measurements ranging from at least 0.39 W (mK−1) to 0.92 W (mK−1) and for temperatures from 293 K to 1023 K. The approach is used to present thermal conductivity data of the molten salts NaCl–KCl (51–49 mol%) and LiCl–NaCl (72–28 mol%).

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使用针式探针测量高温下导电液体的导热性能
本文探讨了使用瞬态热线(称为针式探针)的衍生方法测量高温导电流体(尤其是熔融卤化盐)热导率的必要条件。重点是开发一种基于多层系统的新理论,这种多层系统是确保电线与周围流体电气隔离所必需的。这包括使用薄的环形流体,以尽量减少相关流体内的对流传热模式,其灵感来自同心圆柱体方法。良好的测量需要考虑以下因素:探头和周围坩埚的同心度以确保一致的流体间隙,考虑早期模型偏差的修正,以及通过透明流体的辐射传热建模。与瞬态热线法相比,不确定性更大,因为实验条件的偏差很容易与分析近似值相匹配。通过对仪器的精心设计、全面的不确定性分析以及将测量限制在方法的适用热特性范围内,可以获得测量不确定性的适当估计。该方法用于解释 NaCl-KCl(51-49 摩尔%)和 LiCl-NaCl(72-28 摩尔%)熔盐的热导率数据。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
179
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Thermophysics serves as an international medium for the publication of papers in thermophysics, assisting both generators and users of thermophysical properties data. This distinguished journal publishes both experimental and theoretical papers on thermophysical properties of matter in the liquid, gaseous, and solid states (including soft matter, biofluids, and nano- and bio-materials), on instrumentation and techniques leading to their measurement, and on computer studies of model and related systems. Studies in all ranges of temperature, pressure, wavelength, and other relevant variables are included.
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