Experimental Investigation of Hybrid Nanofluid Use in Automobile Cooling System and the Effect of New Front Grille Design on Cooling Load

IF 2.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL International Journal of Thermophysics Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1007/s10765-024-03457-6
Doruk Koçal, Beytullah Erdoğan, Emrah Kantaroğlu
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Abstract

The use of hybrid nanofluids is seen as a rarely studied approach in terms of thermal efficiency and still worth investigating. In this article, the effects of ZnO + Pure Water nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid ZnO + CuO + Pure Water nanofluid, used as coolant fluid in a commercial automobile radiator, on radiator cooling performance were experimentally investigated. In addition to this investigation, the effects of using several types of vehicle front grilles on cooling performance were also experimentally examined. In the study, pure water tests used for validation were first conducted, and the prepared nanofluids were tested respectively. The fluid inlet temperature to the radiator was 70 °C, the air inlet speed was 6 m·s−1 to 8 m·s−1 to 10 m·s−1, and the fluid flow rate was 17 L·min−1 to 19 L·min−1 to 21 L·min−1. The fluid concentrations used in the tests were as follows: 100  % pure water, pure water-based nanofluid containing ZnO particles at 0.3 % concentration, and hybrid nanofluid containing 0.15 % ZnO and 0.15 % CuO nanoparticles. At the end of the tests, the cooling performance was calculated by measuring the flow rate, pressure, speed, and temperatures of different coolant fluids and air, with the highest cooling performance achieved in the hybrid nanofluid with a 52 % increase. In addition to using this nanofluid, the effects of using front grilles with decreasing, increasing, and constant cross-sections toward the center on cooling performance were also examined, and the cooling performance was increased by up to 66.5 % by finding the optimum front grille geometry.

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混合纳米流体用于汽车冷却系统的实验研究以及新型前格栅设计对冷却负荷的影响
在热效率方面,混合纳米流体的使用被认为是一种鲜有研究的方法,仍然值得研究。本文通过实验研究了商用汽车散热器中用作冷却液的 ZnO + 纯净水纳米流体和混合纳米流体 ZnO + CuO + 纯净水纳米流体对散热器冷却性能的影响。此外,还实验研究了使用几种类型的汽车前格栅对冷却性能的影响。在研究中,首先进行了用于验证的纯水测试,然后分别对制备的纳米流体进行了测试。散热器的流体入口温度为 70 °C,空气入口速度为 6 m-s-1 至 8 m-s-1 至 10 m-s-1,流体流速为 17 L-min-1 至 19 L-min-1 至 21 L-min-1。试验中使用的流体浓度如下:100 % 的纯水、含有 0.3 % ZnO 颗粒的纯水基纳米流体以及含有 0.15 % ZnO 和 0.15 % CuO 纳米颗粒的混合纳米流体。测试结束后,通过测量不同冷却液和空气的流速、压力、速度和温度,计算出冷却性能,其中混合纳米流体的冷却性能最高,提高了 52%。除了使用这种纳米流体外,还研究了使用横截面向中心递减、递增和不变的前格栅对冷却性能的影响,通过找到最佳的前格栅几何形状,冷却性能最多提高了 66.5%。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
179
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Thermophysics serves as an international medium for the publication of papers in thermophysics, assisting both generators and users of thermophysical properties data. This distinguished journal publishes both experimental and theoretical papers on thermophysical properties of matter in the liquid, gaseous, and solid states (including soft matter, biofluids, and nano- and bio-materials), on instrumentation and techniques leading to their measurement, and on computer studies of model and related systems. Studies in all ranges of temperature, pressure, wavelength, and other relevant variables are included.
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