A comprehensive analysis of the defense responses of Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki) provides insights into the changes during Serratia marcescens infection.

IF 3.5 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY BMC Genomics Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1186/s12864-024-10955-2
Zhiqiang Wang, Mingyu Wang, Yujingyun Zhou, Kai Feng, Fang Tang
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Abstract

Background: Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki) is a highly damaging agroforestry pest. Serratia marcescens is a broad-spectrum insecticidal pathogen and is highly lethal to O. formosanus. However, little is known about the mechanism between them. To improve the biological control of pests, a more in-depth analysis of the interactions between the pests and the pathogens is essential.

Results: We used RNA-seq, enzyme activity assays and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) to explore the defense responses of O. formosanus against SM1. RNA-seq results showed that 1,160, 2,531 and 4,536 genes were differentially expressed at 3, 6 and 12 h after SM1 infection, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) results indicated that immune response and energy metabolism were involved in the defense of O. formosanus against SM1. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and ROS synthesis genes were significantly elevated, and the antioxidant system were induced in O. formosanus after SM1 infection. In addition, the cellular immune genes were affected, and the Toll, immune deficiency (Imd), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) and melanization pathways were activated. In vitro, Oftermicin, an antimicrobial peptide, had a significantly inhibitory effect on SM1. Furthermore, the expression levels and enzyme activities of phosphofructokinase (PFK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycles were increased.

Conclusions: Our results clearly demonstrated that O. formosanus defended against SM1 by activating the antioxidant system, innate immunity and energy metabolism. This study would provide useful information for the development of biological controls of O. formosanus.

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通过全面分析甲壳虫(白木)的防御反应,可以深入了解沙雷氏菌感染期间的变化。
背景:白蚁(Odontotermes formosanus,Shiraki)是一种危害性极大的农林害虫。Serratia marcescens是一种广谱杀虫病原体,对O. formosanus具有很强的杀伤力。然而,人们对它们之间的机理知之甚少。为了改进害虫的生物防治,必须对害虫与病原体之间的相互作用进行更深入的分析:结果:我们利用 RNA-seq、酶活性测定和实时荧光定量 PCR(qPCR)等方法探讨了福寿螺对 SM1 的防御反应。RNA-seq结果显示,在感染SM1后的3、6和12小时,分别有1,160、2,531和4,536个基因发生差异表达,《京都基因组百科全书》(KEGG)结果表明,免疫反应和能量代谢参与了甲壳虫对SM1的防御。SM1感染后,甲鱼体内的活性氧(ROS)水平和ROS合成基因显著升高,抗氧化系统被诱导。此外,细胞免疫基因也受到影响,Toll、免疫缺陷(Imd)、Janus 激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子(JAK/STAT)、c-Jun N 端激酶(JNK)和黑色素化途径被激活。在体外,抗菌肽奥弗替米星(Oftermicin)对 SM1 有明显的抑制作用。此外,糖酵解和三羧酸(TCA)循环中的磷酸果糖激酶(PFK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)和异柠檬酸脱氢酶(IDH)的表达水平和酶活性都有所增加:我们的研究结果清楚地表明,甲鱼通过激活抗氧化系统、先天免疫和能量代谢来抵御 SM1。这项研究将为开发甲壳虫的生物防治方法提供有用信息。
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来源期刊
BMC Genomics
BMC Genomics 生物-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
4.50%
发文量
769
审稿时长
6.4 months
期刊介绍: BMC Genomics is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of genome-scale analysis, functional genomics, and proteomics. BMC Genomics is part of the BMC series which publishes subject-specific journals focused on the needs of individual research communities across all areas of biology and medicine. We offer an efficient, fair and friendly peer review service, and are committed to publishing all sound science, provided that there is some advance in knowledge presented by the work.
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