Association of viral infection with bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PATHOLOGY Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1016/j.prp.2024.155633

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Abstract

Background

Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most common cancer with the highest mortality rate. Since the etiological role of viral infection in the development of BC is less known, the aim of the present study was to examine the pooled prevalence and possible relationship between viral infection and BC.

Methods

A systematic search of major online databases was conducted to investigate relevant studies. We estimated the pooled odds ratio (OR), 95 % confidence interval (CI), and heterogeneity for all studies by using meta-analysis and forest plots. All data were analyzed using Stata Software v.14.1.

Results

We analyzed 87 articles (97 datasets), which included 59 case-control and 38 cross-sectional designs. The pooled prevalence of viral infection among BC patients was 17.59 % (95 % CI: 13.09–22.55 %; I² = 96.34 %). Our subgroup analysis indicated that the pooled prevalence of human herpesvirus (HHV), papillomavirus (HPV), polyomavirus, and adenovirus was 33.67 %, 15.18 %, 7.46 %, and 30.14 %, respectively. We detected a significant relationship between viral infection and BC [summary OR 2.34 (95 % CI 1.56–3.51; I² = 58.0 %)].

Conclusions

This possible association was exhibited for Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and HPV. Our finding indicated that HPV and EBV infections with significant associations with BC can be considered as possible risk factors for BC. Although the specific molecular mechanism of the role of viruses in the development of BC has not been identified, persistent viral infection, oncogenic protein expression, apoptosis inhibition, cell cycle promotion, and disruption of signaling pathways in bladder tissue are possible pathways for the role of viruses in the development of BC.

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病毒感染与膀胱癌的关系：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

背景：膀胱癌（BC）是第十大常见癌症，死亡率最高。由于人们对病毒感染在膀胱癌发病中的病因作用知之甚少，本研究旨在探讨病毒感染与膀胱癌之间的总体发病率和可能的关系：方法：我们对主要在线数据库进行了系统搜索，以调查相关研究。我们通过荟萃分析和森林图估算出了所有研究的集合几率比（OR）、95%置信区间（CI）和异质性。所有数据均使用 Stata 软件 v.14.1 进行分析：我们分析了 87 篇文章（97 个数据集），其中包括 59 个病例对照和 38 个横断面设计。在 BC 患者中，病毒感染的总体流行率为 17.59 %（95 % CI：13.09-22.55 %；I2 = 96.34 %）。亚组分析表明，人类疱疹病毒（HHV）、乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）、多瘤病毒和腺病毒的总体感染率分别为 33.67%、15.18%、7.46% 和 30.14%。我们发现病毒感染与乳腺癌之间存在明显关系[总 OR 2.34 (95 % CI 1.56-3.51; I2 = 58.0 %)]：Epstein-Barr病毒（EBV）和HPV也可能存在这种关联。我们的研究结果表明，HPV 和 EBV 感染与 BC 有显著关联，可被视为 BC 的可能风险因素。虽然病毒在膀胱癌发病中的作用的具体分子机制尚未确定，但病毒持续感染、致癌蛋白表达、抑制凋亡、促进细胞周期和破坏膀胱组织中的信号通路是病毒在膀胱癌发病中发挥作用的可能途径。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pathology, research and practice 医学-病理学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

405

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： Pathology, Research and Practice provides accessible coverage of the most recent developments across the entire field of pathology: Reviews focus on recent progress in pathology, while Comments look at interesting current problems and at hypotheses for future developments in pathology. Original Papers present novel findings on all aspects of general, anatomic and molecular pathology. Rapid Communications inform readers on preliminary findings that may be relevant for further studies and need to be communicated quickly. Teaching Cases look at new aspects or special diagnostic problems of diseases and at case reports relevant for the pathologist''s practice.