Cholangiocarcinoma: Consistent clinical, cytological, hematological, and biochemical findings and pathomorphology of the liver and kidney in five exotic dog breeds in Abeokuta, Nigeria.

IF 1.7 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Veterinary World Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-15 DOI:10.14202/vetworld.2024.2053-2061
F M Mshelbwala, O L Ajayi, A A Adebiyi, M O Olaniyi, T M Oladipo, E F Okpe, S A Rahman, A F Makinde, A K F Kadiri, S A V Abakpa, M I Olasoju
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Abstract

Background and aim: Cholangiocarcinomas are malignant neoplasms that originate from any part of the bile duct epithelium. It is one of the most common liver tumors in dogs. This study described the clinical, cytological, hematological, biochemical, and pathomorphological findings of five cholangiocarcinoma cases in exotic breed dogs aged 2-5 years to aid in clinical diagnosis.

Materials and methods: This study used dogs presented at different times from 2012 to 2021 at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. History, clinical signs, and vital parameters were recorded. Blood samples were collected for hematology and serum chemistry. Abdominocentesis was performed for cytological diagnosis. All dogs died during treatment, and postmortem examinations were performed. At postmortem, fine needle aspirates were collected from the liver and mesenteric lymph nodes and liver and kidney samples were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin.

Results: The dogs showed signs of severe malnutrition, jaundice, and bloating. The hematological analysis indicated anemia, neutrophilia without band neutrophils, and lymphopenia, indicative of a stress hemogram. The serum biochemistry test revealed lower levels of total proteins, albumin, and globulin and higher levels of serum enzymes. Abdominal fluid and mesenteric lymph node cytology revealed clusters of epithelial neoplastic cells. A postmortem examination revealed the liver's nodular enlargement with the presence of button-like ulcers. Neoplastic epithelial cells are solid masses with hyperchromatic nuclei surrounded by fibrous connective tissues.

Conclusion: Cholangiocarcinoma, diagnosed over a period of time in five exotic breeds of dog, consistently presents with the same clinical and postmortem findings, aiding in clinical diagnosis. However, the diagnosis of the disease is not possible in the early stage because of the absence of specific clinical signs. In dogs and possibly other animal species presenting with emaciation, lethargy, icterus, and distended abdomen, cholangiocarcinoma should be suspected, and cytological examination of the abdominal fluid and lymph node aspirates should be performed despite the absence of advanced equipment.

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胆管癌:尼日利亚阿贝奥库塔五种外来犬种的临床、细胞学、血液学和生化检查结果以及肝脏和肾脏的病理形态一致。
背景和目的:胆管癌是起源于胆管上皮任何部位的恶性肿瘤。它是狗最常见的肝脏肿瘤之一。本研究描述了五例 2-5 岁异种犬胆管癌病例的临床、细胞学、血液学、生化和病理形态学结果,以帮助临床诊断:本研究使用了 2012 年至 2021 年期间在阿贝奥库塔联邦农业大学兽医教学医院不同时间就诊的犬只。记录了病史、临床症状和生命参数。采集血液样本用于血液学和血清化学分析。腹腔穿刺术用于细胞学诊断。所有犬只均在治疗期间死亡,并进行了尸检。尸体解剖时,从肝脏和肠系膜淋巴结采集了细针穿刺样本,并将肝脏和肾脏样本固定在 10%的中性缓冲福尔马林中:结果:这些狗表现出严重营养不良、黄疸和腹胀。血液学分析表明狗狗贫血、中性粒细胞增多但无带状中性粒细胞,以及淋巴细胞减少,表明狗狗出现了应激性血象。血清生化检验显示总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白水平较低,血清酶水平较高。腹腔积液和肠系膜淋巴结细胞学检查显示有成群的上皮肿瘤细胞。尸检发现肝脏结节性肿大,并出现纽扣状溃疡。肿瘤上皮细胞为实性肿块,核色亢进,周围有纤维结缔组织:五种外来犬种在一段时间内诊断出的胆管癌具有相同的临床和尸检结果,有助于临床诊断。然而,由于缺乏特异性临床症状,因此无法在早期诊断该疾病。对于出现消瘦、嗜睡、黄疸和腹部膨胀的狗以及可能的其他动物物种,应怀疑是胆管癌,尽管没有先进的设备,也应进行腹腔液和淋巴结抽吸物的细胞学检查。
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来源期刊
Veterinary World
Veterinary World Multiple-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
12.50%
发文量
317
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Veterinary World publishes high quality papers focusing on Veterinary and Animal Science. The fields of study are bacteriology, parasitology, pathology, virology, immunology, mycology, public health, biotechnology, meat science, fish diseases, nutrition, gynecology, genetics, wildlife, laboratory animals, animal models of human infections, prion diseases and epidemiology. Studies on zoonotic and emerging infections are highly appreciated. Review articles are highly appreciated. All articles published by Veterinary World are made freely and permanently accessible online. All articles to Veterinary World are posted online immediately as they are ready for publication.
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