Recombinant characterization and pathogenicity of a novel L1C RFLP-1-4-4 variant of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China.

IF 3.7 1区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1186/s13567-024-01401-y
Xinyi Huang, Guoqing Liu, Tong Chang, Yongbo Yang, Tao Wang, Dasong Xia, Xinyu Qi, Xulong Zhu, Ziyi Wei, Xiaoxiao Tian, Haiwei Wang, Zhijun Tian, Xuehui Cai, Tongqing An
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Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most significant diseases affecting the pig industry worldwide and is caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), which has complex genetic variation due to frequent mutations, indels, and recombination. The emergence of PRRSV L1C.5 in 2020 in the United States has raised worldwide concerns about PRRSV with the RFLP 1-4-4 pattern and lineage 1C. However, studies on the pathogenic characteristics, epidemiological distribution, and effectiveness of vaccines against PRRSV with L1C and RFLP1-4-4 pattern in China are still insufficient. In this study, a novel recombinant variant of PRRSV with RFLP 1-4-4 and lineage 1C features, different from L1C.5 in the United States, was isolated in China in 2021. In pathogenicity experiments in specific pathogen-free piglets or farm piglets, 60-100% of artificially infected experimental piglets died with high fever and respiratory symptoms. Inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels were upregulated in infected piglets. A commercially modified live vaccine against highly pathogenic PRRSV did not provide effective protection when the vaccinated piglets were challenged with the novel L1C-1-4-4 variant. Therefore, this strain merits special attention when devising control and vaccine strategies. These findings suggest that extensive joint surveillance is urgently needed and that vaccine strategies should be updated to prevent the disease from spreading further.

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中国猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒新型 L1C RFLP-1-4-4 变异株的重组特征和致病性。
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是影响全球养猪业的最重要疾病之一,由 PRRS 病毒(PRRSV)引起,由于频繁的突变、嵌合和重组,该病毒具有复杂的遗传变异。2020 年在美国出现的 PRRSV L1C.5 引起了全世界对具有 RFLP 1-4-4 模式和 1C 世系的 PRRSV 的关注。然而,中国对L1C和RFLP1-4-4模式的PRRSV的致病特征、流行病学分布和疫苗效果的研究仍然不足。本研究于 2021 年在中国分离到一种具有 RFLP 1-4-4 和 1C 世系特征的新型 PRRSV 重组变异株,该变异株不同于美国的 L1C.5。在特定无病原仔猪或农场仔猪的致病性实验中,60%-100%的人工感染实验仔猪死于高热和呼吸道症状。感染仔猪的炎性细胞因子和趋化因子水平上调。当接种疫苗的仔猪受到新型 L1C-1-4-4 变异株的挑战时,针对高致病性 PRRSV 的商业改良活疫苗不能提供有效的保护。因此,在制定控制和疫苗策略时,这种毒株值得特别关注。这些研究结果表明,迫切需要进行广泛的联合监测,并应更新疫苗策略,以防止疾病进一步传播。
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来源期刊
Veterinary Research
Veterinary Research 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
4.50%
发文量
92
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Veterinary Research is an open access journal that publishes high quality and novel research and review articles focusing on all aspects of infectious diseases and host-pathogen interaction in animals.
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