Dam break flow through rigid-emergent vegetation

IF 2.3 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Experiments in Fluids Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1007/s00348-024-03901-1
Adel A. Mahmoud, Tatsuhiko Uchida
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Abstract

Dam failures pose a significant threat to life and property. This study investigates the potential of rigid emergent vegetation to attenuate dam break waves, reducing their destructive impact. Experiments explored the effect of varying vegetation field lengths on wave propagation. Wooden cylinders with consistent diameter (1.0 cm) and density (0.067) simulated the rigid vegetation in a straight, flat rectangular channel. Four different vegetation lengths and three bore conditions for different reservoir and tailwater depths were examined to analyze their influence on dam break wave behavior. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of vegetation in dissipating wave energy, leading to a rapid decrease in wave height and celerity. Interestingly, increasing vegetation length significantly attenuates the wave height downstream of the vegetation zone, while having no significant impact on the reflection wave height upstream of the vegetation. This finding highlights the targeted effectiveness of strategically placed vegetation in shielding downstream areas. The study also clarifies that celerity can be calculated using shallow water equations for both upstream and downstream regions with wave height and tailwater depth. However, within the vegetation, drag forces significantly reduce celerity. A novel equation, derived from wavefront profiles, was proposed and validated to accurately calculate celerity within the vegetation field. These findings provide valuable data for validating numerical models simulating dam break wave interactions with vegetation.

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大坝断流穿过刚性植被
溃坝对生命和财产构成重大威胁。本研究调查了刚性新生植被衰减溃坝波的潜力,以减少其破坏性影响。实验探索了不同植被场长度对波传播的影响。直径(1.0 厘米)和密度(0.067)一致的木质圆柱体在笔直平坦的矩形水道中模拟了刚性植被。研究了四种不同的植被长度和三种不同水库和尾水深度的钻孔条件,以分析它们对溃坝波浪行为的影响。结果表明,植被能有效消散波浪能量,从而迅速降低波高和流速。有趣的是,增加植被长度可明显减弱植被区下游的波高,而对植被区上游的反射波高无明显影响。这一发现凸显了战略性植被在屏蔽下游区域方面的针对性效果。这项研究还阐明,可以利用浅水方程计算上游和下游区域的波高和尾水深度的流速。然而,在植被内部,阻力会大大降低流速。根据波前剖面提出并验证了一个新方程,可准确计算植被区内的流速。这些发现为验证模拟溃坝波浪与植被相互作用的数值模型提供了宝贵的数据。
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来源期刊
Experiments in Fluids
Experiments in Fluids 工程技术-工程:机械
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
12.50%
发文量
157
审稿时长
3.8 months
期刊介绍: Experiments in Fluids examines the advancement, extension, and improvement of new techniques of flow measurement. The journal also publishes contributions that employ existing experimental techniques to gain an understanding of the underlying flow physics in the areas of turbulence, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, convective heat transfer, combustion, turbomachinery, multi-phase flows, and chemical, biological and geological flows. In addition, readers will find papers that report on investigations combining experimental and analytical/numerical approaches.
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