Epigenetic regulation of cardiovascular diseases induced by behavioral and environmental risk factors: Mechanistic, diagnostic, and therapeutic insights
{"title":"Epigenetic regulation of cardiovascular diseases induced by behavioral and environmental risk factors: Mechanistic, diagnostic, and therapeutic insights","authors":"Feifei Bi, Chen Gao, Hongchao Guo","doi":"10.1096/fba.2024-00080","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Behavioral and environmental risk factors are critical in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these risk factors will offer valuable insights for targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, noncoding RNA (ncRNA) expression, and epitranscriptomic modifications, have emerged as key mediators connecting behavioral and environmental risk factors to CVD risk and progression. These epigenetic alterations can profoundly impact on cardiovascular health and susceptibility to CVD by influencing cellular processes, development, and disease risk over an individual's lifetime and potentially across generations. This review examines how behavioral and environmental risk factors affect CVD risk and health outcomes through epigenetic regulation. We review the epigenetic effects of major behavioral risk factors (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and obesity) and environmental risk factors (including air and noise pollution) in the context of CVD pathogenesis. Additionally, we explore epigenetic biomarkers, considering their role as causal or surrogate indicators, and discuss epigenetic therapeutics targeting the mechanisms through which these risk factors contribute to CVD. We also address future research directions and challenges in leveraging epigenetic insights to reduce the burden of CVD related to behavioral and environmental factors and improve public health outcomes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of behavioral and environmental epigenetics in CVD and offer valuable strategies for therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12093,"journal":{"name":"FASEB bioAdvances","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1096/fba.2024-00080","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"FASEB bioAdvances","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1096/fba.2024-00080","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Behavioral and environmental risk factors are critical in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these risk factors will offer valuable insights for targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, noncoding RNA (ncRNA) expression, and epitranscriptomic modifications, have emerged as key mediators connecting behavioral and environmental risk factors to CVD risk and progression. These epigenetic alterations can profoundly impact on cardiovascular health and susceptibility to CVD by influencing cellular processes, development, and disease risk over an individual's lifetime and potentially across generations. This review examines how behavioral and environmental risk factors affect CVD risk and health outcomes through epigenetic regulation. We review the epigenetic effects of major behavioral risk factors (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and obesity) and environmental risk factors (including air and noise pollution) in the context of CVD pathogenesis. Additionally, we explore epigenetic biomarkers, considering their role as causal or surrogate indicators, and discuss epigenetic therapeutics targeting the mechanisms through which these risk factors contribute to CVD. We also address future research directions and challenges in leveraging epigenetic insights to reduce the burden of CVD related to behavioral and environmental factors and improve public health outcomes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of behavioral and environmental epigenetics in CVD and offer valuable strategies for therapeutic intervention.
行为和环境风险因素对心血管疾病(CVD)的发生和发展至关重要。了解这些风险因素的分子机制将为有针对性的预防和治疗策略提供宝贵的见解。表观遗传修饰(包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑、非编码 RNA(ncRNA)表达和表观转录组修饰)已成为连接行为和环境风险因素与心血管疾病风险和进展的关键介质。这些表观遗传学改变可通过影响细胞过程、发育和疾病风险,对心血管健康和心血管疾病易感性产生深远影响,这种影响贯穿个体一生,甚至可能跨越几代人。本综述探讨了行为和环境风险因素如何通过表观遗传调控影响心血管疾病风险和健康结果。我们回顾了主要行为风险因素(如吸烟、饮酒、缺乏运动、不健康饮食和肥胖)和环境风险因素(包括空气和噪音污染)在心血管疾病发病机制中的表观遗传效应。此外,我们还探讨了表观遗传生物标志物,将其视为因果或替代指标,并讨论了针对这些风险因素导致心血管疾病的机制的表观遗传疗法。我们还探讨了未来的研究方向和挑战,即如何利用表观遗传学的见解来减轻与行为和环境因素相关的心血管疾病负担并改善公共卫生成果。本综述旨在提供对心血管疾病中行为和环境表观遗传学的全面了解,并为治疗干预提供有价值的策略。