HIV Screening in a Sample of US Emergency Departments, 2022-2023.

IF 3 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Public Health Reports Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI:10.1177/00333549241288374

Christopher L Bennett, Carson E Clay, Janice A Espinola, Carlos A Camargo

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Abstract

Despite serving populations emphasized in the Ending the HIV Epidemic Initiative, emergency departments (EDs) infrequently offer routine HIV screening. The objective of this study was to characterize US EDs by whether they screen for HIV and to explore factors associated with screening. We surveyed a random sample of US ED directors to obtain data on ED-level and patient-level characteristics, as well as information on directors' perceived barriers to implementing preventive health services. Using descriptive statistics and regression modeling, we found that EDs that routinely screen for HIV, compared with those that do not, had higher median visit volumes (21 000 vs 12 600), were more often a teaching hospital (12.7% vs 4.3%), and had more availability of social workers (23.6% vs 9.4% had 24 hour/day coverage); their directors also less often expressed strong worry about costs (5.9% vs 28.2%), all significant at P < .05; in the regression analysis, only worry about costs was significant (relative risk = 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03-0.51). Our findings may reflect a need for additional funding and resources allocated to EDs to promote HIV screening.

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2022-2023 年美国急诊科艾滋病毒筛查样本。

尽管急诊科（EDs）的服务对象是 "终止艾滋病流行倡议"（Ending the HIV Epidemic Initiative）中强调的人群，但急诊科却很少提供常规的艾滋病筛查。本研究旨在根据美国急诊科是否进行 HIV 筛查来描述其特点，并探讨与筛查相关的因素。我们对美国急诊科主任进行了随机抽样调查，以获得有关急诊科和患者层面特征的数据，以及主任们认为实施预防性保健服务所面临障碍的信息。通过描述性统计和回归模型，我们发现，与不进行 HIV 常规筛查的急诊科相比，常规筛查的急诊科就诊量中位数更高（21000 对 12600），更多的急诊科是教学医院（12.7% 对 4.3%），有更多的社工（23.6% 对 9.4%，24 小时/天覆盖）。

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来源期刊

Public Health Reports 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

6.10%

发文量

164

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Public Health Reports is the official journal of the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General and the U.S. Public Health Service and has been published since 1878. It is published bimonthly, plus supplement issues, through an official agreement with the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health. The journal is peer-reviewed and publishes original research and commentaries in the areas of public health practice and methodology, original research, public health law, and public health schools and teaching. Issues contain regular commentaries by the U.S. Surgeon General and executives of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health. The journal focuses upon such topics as tobacco control, teenage violence, occupational disease and injury, immunization, drug policy, lead screening, health disparities, and many other key and emerging public health issues. In addition to the six regular issues, PHR produces supplemental issues approximately 2-5 times per year which focus on specific topics that are of particular interest to our readership. The journal''s contributors are on the front line of public health and they present their work in a readable and accessible format.