Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Head and Neck Cancer in Rwanda: A 10-Year Review

IF 2.9 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI:10.1002/cam4.70423

Fidel Rubagumya, Lydia Businge, Wilma H. Hopman, Gad Murenzi, Aline Uwimbabazi, Vincent Kwizera, Julienne Imuragire, Thierry Z. Muvunyi, Isabelle Izimukwiye, Adebola Adedimeji, Rachael E. Barney, Gregory J. Tsongalis, Mary D. Chamberlin, Kathryn Anastos, Rafi Kabarriti

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Abstract

Introduction

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a significant global health burden, with late presentation leading to complex treatment. While human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been implicated in HNC, data from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and role of HPV in head and neck cancers diagnosed in Rwanda.

Methods

A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using Rwanda Cancer Registry from January 2011 through December 2020. p16 immunohistochemistry as a surrogate for HPV was performed on a randomly selected case. p16-positive cases were genotyped.

Results

A total of 1001 patients with HNC were identified; 82% (n = 819) had squamous cell carcinoma. The mean age at diagnosis was 51.1 years, with a majority being males (58%). Oral cavity and lip (27%) were the most common primary cancer sites. Stage was unknown in most cases (75%, n = 747). HIV status was known in 33% (n = 334) of patients with 10% (n = 33) HIV-positive; 22% of 202 randomly selected cases were p16-positive; 34% of the p16-positive cases were oropharynx. PCR analysis of p16-positive cases showed 19% HPV positivity, and HPV16 was the most common high-risk HPV strain, and 55.5% were recorded HPV-positive by PCR.

Conclusions

HNC cases in Rwanda have been increasing from 2011 to 2020, with a significant portion being HPV-positive. Strategies to implement routine testing for p16, especially in oropharynx cancer patients, improved preservation of tissue samples, collection of comprehensive information including cancer risk factors, staging, and treatment are needed in Rwanda.

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卢旺达与人类乳头瘤病毒相关的头颈癌发病率：十年回顾

导言：头颈部癌症（HNC）是全球重大的健康负担，发病较晚导致治疗复杂。虽然人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染与 HNC 有一定关系，但来自中低收入国家（LMIC）的数据却很有限。在这项研究中，我们调查了人乳头瘤病毒在卢旺达确诊的头颈部癌症中的流行情况和作用：方法：利用卢旺达癌症登记处从 2011 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月进行了一项回顾性横断面研究，对随机抽取的病例进行 p16 免疫组化，作为 HPV 的替代指标：结果：共发现 1001 例 HNC 患者，其中 82%（n = 819）为鳞状细胞癌。确诊时的平均年龄为 51.1 岁，男性占大多数（58%）。口腔和嘴唇（27%）是最常见的原发癌部位。大多数病例的分期不明（75%，n = 747）。33%（n = 334）的患者已知艾滋病毒感染状况，其中10%（n = 33）为艾滋病毒阳性；在随机抽取的202个病例中，22%为p16阳性；34%的p16阳性病例为口咽癌。对p16阳性病例的PCR分析显示，19%的病例HPV阳性，HPV16是最常见的高危HPV株，55.5%的病例PCR记录为HPV阳性：卢旺达的HNC病例从2011年到2020年一直在增加，其中很大一部分是HPV阳性。卢旺达需要实施p16常规检测战略，特别是在口咽癌患者中，改善组织样本的保存，收集包括癌症风险因素、分期和治疗在内的全面信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.