A survey of ocular pathology in Warmblood horses in South Africa

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Equine Veterinary Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI:10.1111/evj.14427

Ramona Allen, Antony D. Goodhead

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Abstract

Background

Warmblood horses are a popular breed around the world for equestrian sports. Previous studies have investigated ocular findings in other breeds of horses; however, no studies exist for the Warmblood breed.

Objectives

To determine the prevalence of ocular abnormalities in a convenience sample of Warmblood horses in South Africa and to determine if the prevalence of lens and chorioretinal lesions increase with age.

Study design

Descriptive, observational study.

Methods

Warmblood horses underwent a full ophthalmic examination which included a Schirmer tear test (STT), tonometry, fluorescein dye testing, slit lamp biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Age was categorised into three groups namely <8 years old, 8–13 years old and 14+ years old for statistical analysis. Prevalence of lens and chorioretinal lesions were compared between age categories.

Results

One hundred and four horses (208 eyes) were examined. The age range was 5 months to 30 years (mean 11 years, standard deviation [SD] 6 years). Ocular pathology was noted in 125 eyes (60.1%) and 79 horses (76%). The highest number of lesions were noted in the choroid and retina, iris and lens. Chorioretinal lesions were seen in 100 eyes (48.1%) and in 65 horses (62.5%). Iridial lesions were seen in 19 eyes (9.1%) and 12 horses (11.5%). Cataracts were seen in 19 eyes (9.1%) and in 13 horses (12.5%). The presence of total chorioretinal lesions (eye level [p = 0.002]; horse level [p = 0.004]), focal chorioretinal lesions (eye level [p = 0.004]; horse level [p = 0.008]) and cataract (eye [p = 0.03]; horse level [p = 0.02]) were all shown to statistically increase with age.

Main limitations

A small sample size and limited geographic area.

Conclusions

There was a high prevalence of ocular pathology in this population of Warmblood horses in South Africa. This reiterates the importance of an ocular examination as a part of routine health checks, as well as during prepurchase examinations.

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南非温血马眼部病理学调查。

背景：温血马是世界上马术运动的热门马种。以前的研究曾对其他品种马的眼部发现进行过调查，但没有关于温血马品种的研究：研究设计：描述性观察研究：研究设计：描述性观察研究：方法：对温血马进行全面的眼科检查，包括施尔默泪液测试（STT）、眼压测量、荧光素染料测试、裂隙灯生物显微镜检查和间接眼底镜检查。年龄分为三组，即结果：共检查了 144 匹马（208 只眼睛）。年龄范围为 5 个月至 30 岁（平均 11 岁，标准差 [SD] 6 岁）。125只眼睛（60.1%）和79匹马（76%）出现眼部病变。病变最多的部位是脉络膜和视网膜、虹膜和晶状体。100只眼睛（48.1%）和65匹马（62.5%）出现脉络膜视网膜病变。19只眼睛（9.1%）和12匹马（11.5%）的虹膜出现病变。19只眼睛（9.1%）和13匹马（12.5%）出现白内障。总脉络膜病变（眼部[p = 0.002]；马匹[p = 0.004]）、局灶性脉络膜病变（眼部[p = 0.004]；马匹[p = 0.008]）和白内障（眼部[p = 0.03]；马匹[p = 0.02]）的发生率均随年龄的增长而增加：主要局限性：样本量小，地理区域有限：结论：南非温血马群体的眼部病变发病率很高。结论：在南非的这一温血马群体中，眼部病变的发生率很高，这重申了眼部检查作为常规健康检查的一部分以及在购买前检查中的重要性。

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来源期刊

Equine Veterinary Journal 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

13.60%

发文量

161

审稿时长

6-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Equine Veterinary Journal publishes evidence to improve clinical practice or expand scientific knowledge underpinning equine veterinary medicine. This unrivalled international scientific journal is published 6 times per year, containing peer-reviewed articles with original and potentially important findings. Contributions are received from sources worldwide.