A scoping review of transmission models for soil-transmitted helminth infections to underpin the development of a transmission model for Strongyloides stercoralis.

IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Parasitology Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI:10.1017/S0031182024001392
Mackrina Winslow, Juan Pablo Villanueva-Cabezas, Vito Colella, Patricia T Campbell
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Abstract

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections afflict people worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Strongyloides stercoralis is distinctive from other STH nematodes by its complex life cycle features of autoinfection, parthenogenesis, and environmental reproduction. This scoping review aims to identify the structures, features, and techniques employed in existing STH models, emphasizing their potential application in describing S. stercoralis infection dynamics. A comprehensive search was conducted in the Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases for studies published until 14 June 2024. A total of 47 studies presenting a new model or novel adaptation of an existing model to human STH infection transmission were identified: only one described S. stercoralis transmission in humans. The identified models were predominantly deterministic and focused on the dynamics of mean worm load within hosts and the infectiousness of the environmental reservoir. One model addressed transmission in multi-host scenarios, as not all STH transmission cycles involve multiple hosts. Models were frequently used to simulate the effectiveness of mass drug administration, including drug efficacy and treatment coverage, while water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), health education, and vaccination were less explored. Given the limitation of individual-level data, compartmental models may be a reasonable starting point for S. stercoralis transmission. For a comprehensive understanding, incorporating parasite life cycle features into the model, exploring multi-host dynamics, including a diverse range of host heterogeneities, and assessing the impact of climatic factors like rainfall and land surface temperature on parasite survival in the environment may be beneficial, especially in settings where their importance is notable.

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对土壤传播蠕虫感染的传播模式进行范围审查,以支持开发盘尾丝虫的传播模式。
土壤传播的蠕虫(STH)感染困扰着世界各地的人们,特别是在热带和亚热带地区。粪圆线虫与其他STH线虫的不同之处在于其复杂的生命周期特征,包括自身感染、孤雌生殖和环境繁殖。这篇综述旨在确定现有STH模型的结构、特征和技术,强调它们在描述粪球菌感染动力学方面的潜在应用。在Medline、Embase和Scopus数据库中进行了全面的检索,检索截止到2024年6月14日发表的研究。共有47项研究提出了人类STH感染传播的新模型或对现有模型的新适应,其中只有一项研究描述了粪虫在人类中的传播。所确定的模型主要是确定性的,并且侧重于宿主内平均蠕虫负荷的动态和环境水库的传染性。其中一个模型解决了多主机场景下的传输问题,因为并非所有的STH传输周期都涉及多个主机。模型经常用于模拟大规模药物给药的有效性,包括药物疗效和治疗覆盖率,而对水、环境卫生和个人卫生(WASH)、健康教育和疫苗接种的探索较少。鉴于个体水平数据的局限性,区室模型可能是粪球菌传播的合理起点。为了全面理解,将寄生虫生命周期特征纳入模型,探索多宿主动态,包括多种宿主异质性,以及评估降雨和地表温度等气候因素对环境中寄生虫生存的影响可能是有益的,特别是在它们的重要性显著的环境中。
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来源期刊
Parasitology
Parasitology 医学-寄生虫学
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
4.20%
发文量
280
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Parasitology is an important specialist journal covering the latest advances in the subject. It publishes original research and review papers on all aspects of parasitology and host-parasite relationships, including the latest discoveries in parasite biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics, ecology and epidemiology in the context of the biological, medical and veterinary sciences. Included in the subscription price are two special issues which contain reviews of current hot topics, one of which is the proceedings of the annual Symposia of the British Society for Parasitology, while the second, covering areas of significant topical interest, is commissioned by the editors and the editorial board.
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