ASSESSMENT OF SEVERITY OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AMONG STEADY STATE HBSS AND HBSC HOMOZYGOUS PATIENTS ATTENDING A TERTIARY HEALTH CARE INSTITUTION IN NORTHERN NIGERIA.

Abstract

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) among patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) notably HbSS and HbSC are increasingly being recognized due to improved health care a comparative severity of CKD among these subgroups is not known in ABUTH Zaria.

Objective: This study was to assess the severity of kidney function among stable patients with HbSS and HbSC in ABUTH, Zaria.

Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study involving steady state 188 HbSS and 22 HbSC attending Haematology Clinic in ABUTH Zaria. The following parameters were assessed; Blood Pressure, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rates (eGFR), albuminuria, haematuria, pH, and specific gravity. SPSS version 17.0 for Windows was used Categorical data were represented as charts and tables while continuous variables were represented as mean and standard deviation. Relationships were tested using the student t-test and Pearson's Chi-square.

Results: It was observed that 188 (89.5%) have HbSS while 22 (10.5%) have HbSC. The eGFR < 60ml/min/1.73m was higher in participants with HbSC compared to participants with HbSS (13.8% vs. 8.0%, x = 8.5, p = 0.056). The prevalence of Albuminuria > 3mg/mmol among participants with HbSC and HbSS were (68.3% vs. 43.7%, x = 4.37, p =0.043). Haematuria in participants with HbSC and HbSS were (41% vs. 16%, x = 8.11, p = 0.004). There was no statistically significant difference in urine specific gravity, pH, and blood pressure among HbSS and HbSC.

Conclusion: This study has shown that patients with HbSC have worse albuminuria and haematuria than those with HbSS.