Alexithymia: A Defense of the Original Conceptualization of the Construct and a Critique of the Attention-Appraisal Model.

IF 2 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Clinical Neuropsychiatry Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.36131/cnfioritieditore20240501
Graeme J Taylor, Piero Porcelli, R Michael Bagby
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Abstract

Objective: Our goal was to compare the original conceptualization of the alexithymia construct with the attention-appraisal model, focusing primarily on the removal of the reduced imaginal activity component, a seminal aspect of the construct in the original model. We also examined associations between alexithymia and emotional distress and emotion regulation, attachment, and trauma, and whether alexithymia is a transdiagnostic risk factor. We discuss differences between the models in the treatment of alexithymia and also differences in measurement.

Method: We conducted a narrative review of the scientific literature validating the original model of alexithymia and examined the comparatively few empirical studies evaluating the attention-appraisal model. Articles describing contemporary theoretical ideas about the relationship between imagination and emotion were reviewed, as well as studies exploring associations between alexithymia and imaginal activity.

Results: The attention-appraisal model of alexithymia is theoretically derived and examined empirically in studies using correlation/measurement-based methods that employed self-report measures with mostly non-clinical samples and conducted primarily by researchers led by developers of the model. The original model of alexithymia is derived from observations of patients in clinical settings; its validity is supported by findings from hundreds of empirical investigations spanning nearly four decades with nonclinical and a variety of clinical samples using both correlation-based and experimental studies and methods of measurement other than self-report, and by independent teams of researchers. The reduced imaginal activity component of the alexithymia construct is mostly supported by these studies.

Conclusions: Because of the dearth of studies with clinical samples, the absence of investigations by independent researchers, and the limited range of methods and measurements to evaluate and assess the model, there is insufficient evidence to warrant removal of the imaginal activity component of the alexithymia construct and for replacing the original conceptualization of the construct with the attention-appraisal model.

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亚历山大症:亚历西米亚症:对结构原始概念的辩护和对注意-评价模式的批判》(Alexithymia: A Defense of the Original Conceptualization of the Construct and a Critique of the Attention-Appraisal Model)。
目的:我们的目标是将情感缺失症的原始概念与注意力评估模型进行比较,主要关注原始模型中删除了想象活动减少这一重要方面。我们还研究了情感缺失症与情绪困扰、情绪调节、依恋和创伤之间的关联,以及情感缺失症是否是一种跨诊断的风险因素。我们讨论了这些模式在治疗情感障碍方面的差异,以及在测量方面的差异:我们对科学文献进行了叙述性回顾,验证了原来的亚历山大症模型,并考察了相对较少的评估注意力评估模型的实证研究。此外,还综述了描述想象与情绪之间关系的当代理论观点的文章,以及探讨亚历山大症与想象活动之间关联的研究:亚历山大症的注意-评价模型是在理论上得出的,并在基于相关性/测量方法的研究中进行了实证检验,这些研究采用的是自我报告测量方法,大多为非临床样本,主要由该模型的开发者领导的研究人员进行。亚历癔症的原始模型源于临床环境中对患者的观察;其有效性得到了数百项实证研究结果的支持,这些研究跨越了近 40 年的时间,采用基于相关性和实验的研究以及自我报告以外的测量方法,对非临床样本和各种临床样本进行了研究,并由独立的研究团队进行。这些研究大多支持亚历士癔症结构中想象活动减少的部分:由于临床样本研究的缺乏、独立研究人员调查的缺失,以及评价和评估该模型的方法和测量范围有限,因此没有足够的证据证明有必要取消情感障碍结构中的意象活动部分,并用注意力评估模型取代该结构的原始概念。
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来源期刊
Clinical Neuropsychiatry
Clinical Neuropsychiatry CLINICAL NEUROLOGY-
CiteScore
11.10
自引率
1.60%
发文量
0
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