On the Stochastic Sine-Gordon Model: An Interacting Field Theory Approach

Abstract

We investigate the massive sine-Gordon model in the finite ultraviolet regime on the two-dimensional Minkowski spacetime \(({\mathbb {R}}^2,\eta )\) with an additive Gaussian white noise. In particular we construct the expectation value and the correlation functions of a solution of the underlying stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) as a power series in the coupling constant, proving ultimately uniform convergence. This result is obtained combining an approach first devised in Dappiaggi et al. (Commun Contemp Math 24(07):2150075, 2022. arXiv:2009.07640 [math-ph]) to study SPDEs at a perturbative level with the one discussed in Bahns and Rejzner (Commun Math Phys 357(1):421, 2018. arXiv:1609.08530 [math-ph]) to construct the quantum sine-Gordon model using techniques proper of the perturbative, algebraic approach to quantum field theory (pAQFT). At a formal level the relevant expectation values are realized as the evaluation of suitably constructed functionals over \(C^\infty ({\mathbb {R}}^2)\). In turn, these are elements of a distinguished algebra whose product is a deformation of the pointwise one, by means of a kernel which is a linear combination of two components. The first encompasses the information of the Feynmann propagator built out of an underlying Hadamard, quantum state, while the second encodes the correlation codified by the Gaussian white noise. In our analysis, first of all we extend the results obtained in Bahns et al. (J Math Anal Appl 526:127249, 2023. arXiv:2103.09328 [math-ph]) and Bahns and Rejzner (Commun Math Phys 357(1):421, 2018. arXiv:1609.08530 [math-ph]) proving the existence of a convergent modified version of the S-matrix and of an interacting field as elements of the underlying algebra of functionals. Subsequently we show that it is possible to remove the contribution due to the Feynmann propagator by taking a suitable \(\hbar \rightarrow 0^+\)-limit, hence obtaining the sought expectation value of the solution and of the correlation functions of the SPDE associated to the stochastic sine-Gordon model.