Females report worse outcomes than males one year after ventral hernia repair.

Abstract

Purpose: To assess sex differences in patient-reported quality of life, pain, and hernia recurrence after adjusting for confounding features of hernia disease in a large national registry one year after ventral hernia repair.

Methods: Data were analyzed retrospectively from the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative national registry from pre-operatively until one year post-operatively. 3,172 patients undergoing elective ventral hernia repair with 1-year follow-up data were included for analysis after propensity score matching (1:1 match; females: mean [interquartile range] age, 60 [49, 68]; body mass index, 32 [27, 36]; males: age, 60 [52, 68]; 31 [28, 35]. The primary outcome of interest between sexes was the Hernia Related Quality of Life survey (HerQLes), and secondary outcome measures included the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pain Intensity (PROMIS) short form (3a) score and hernia recurrence.

Results: Female sex was associated with worse HerQLes and PROMIS pain 3a scores at 1 year follow up (adjusted mean difference, -2.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) -4.11 to -0.72; p = 0.004; adjusted mean difference, 1.27, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.87; p < 0.001) compared to male sex. Hernia recurrence rates at 1 year were not different between sexes.

Conclusion: Females reported worse quality of life and higher levels of pain at 1-year post ventral hernia repair after accounting for age, BMI, hernia width, and baseline quality of life compared to males. There were no differences between females and males with respect to hernia recurrence at 1-year follow-up, and 1 in 5 patients experienced a recurrence at this time point.