Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Effects of COVID-19 on Employment Disruption and Financial Precarity.

IF 2 3区 社会学 Q2 GERONTOLOGY Journal of Aging & Social Policy Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI:10.1080/08959420.2024.2413251
Rebekah Carpenter, Dawn C Carr, Qiuchang Katy Cao, Amanda Sonnega
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Abstract

Previous research shows that minoritized (i.e. Black and Hispanic) older workers are more likely to work in jobs subject to employment disruptions and negative economic outcomes, including job and wage loss. Of the studies that have examined the pandemic-related employment and financial outcomes of minoritized older workers, few studies have accounted for the role that pre-COVID-19 financial precarity (i.e. ongoing financial strain) might play in post-COVID-19 financial precarity. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we evaluate the racial/ethnic differences in post-COVID-19 employment disruption and financial precarities among workers 51 years and older (N = 708 to 2,812 respondents depending on the outcome measure). Ordinary Least Squares regression and moderation analyses show that older Black and Hispanic workers were more likely to experience post-COVID-19 employment disruption and associated financial precarities (e.g. missed rent/mortgage payment). Furthermore, the consequences of preexisting financial precarity differed by race/ethnicity. Non-Hispanic white older workers without pre-COVID-19 financial precarity were uniquely protected from post-COVID-19 financial precarity, whereas Black and Hispanic older workers were more likely to experience post-COVID-19 financial precarity even in the absence of pre-COVID-19 precarity. Findings suggest that multi-level policies and interventions need to address structural inequity contributing to minoritized older workers' financial vulnerability during crises.

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COVID-19 对就业中断和财务危机影响的种族和民族差异。
以前的研究表明,少数族裔(即黑人和西班牙裔)老年工人更有可能从事就业中断和负面经济后果(包括失业和工资损失)的工作。在对少数族裔老年工作者与大流行相关的就业和经济结果进行研究的研究中,很少有研究考虑到了 19COVID 前的经济不稳定(即持续的经济压力)可能对 19COVID 后的经济不稳定所起的作用。利用健康与退休研究(Health and Retirement Study)的数据,我们评估了 51 岁及以上工人(根据结果测量,受访者人数从 708 到 2,812 不等)在 COVID-19 后就业中断和财务不稳定方面的种族/民族差异。普通最小二乘法回归和调节分析表明,年龄较大的黑人和西班牙裔工人更有可能经历 COVID-19 后的就业中断和相关的财务不稳定性(如错过房租/按揭付款)。此外,不同种族/人种对原有财务不稳定性的后果也不尽相同。非西班牙裔的白人老年工作者在没有经历过 COVID-19 前的财务不稳定的情况下,在经历了 COVID-19 后的财务不稳定后会得到独特的保护,而黑人和西班牙裔老年工作者即使在没有经历过 COVID-19 前的财务不稳定的情况下,也更有可能经历 COVID-19 后的财务不稳定。研究结果表明,多层次的政策和干预措施需要解决结构性不公平问题,因为结构性不公平会导致少数族裔老年工作者在危机期间的财务脆弱性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.00
自引率
3.90%
发文量
57
期刊介绍: The Journal of Aging & Social Policy offers a platform for insightful contributions from an international and interdisciplinary group of policy analysts and scholars. It provides an in-depth examination and analysis of critical phenomena that impact aging and the development and implementation of programs for the elderly from a global perspective, with a broad scope that encompasses not only the United States but also regions including Europe, the Middle East, Australia, Latin America, Asia, and the Asia-Pacific rim. The journal regularly addresses a wide array of issues such as long-term services and supports, home- and community-based care, nursing-home care, assisted living, long-term care financing, financial security, employment and training, public and private pension coverage, housing, transportation, health care access, financing, and quality, family dynamics, and retirement. These topics are of significant importance to the field of aging and social policy, reflecting the journal's commitment to presenting a comprehensive view of the challenges and solutions related to aging populations around the world.
期刊最新文献
Correction. Elder Caregiving Frequency, Labor Force Participation, and Work. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Effects of COVID-19 on Employment Disruption and Financial Precarity. Conundrums in Implementing Consumer Direction in Home-Based Care: Perspectives of Older Adults and Family Members in China. What is the Relationship Between Older People's Housing Characteristics and Their Care Needs?
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