Jacobi stability, Hamilton energy and the route to hidden attractors in the 3D Jerk systems with unique Lyapunov stable equilibrium

Abstract

This paper is devoted to reveal the generation mechanism of hidden attractors of the 3D Jerk systems with unique Lyapunov stable equilibrium. In the light of the deviation curvature tensor, the two-parameter regions with Lyapunov stable but Jacobi unstable equilibrium are identified. Within these regions, the system’s dynamics transition from Lyapunov stable but Jacobi unstable equilibrium to hidden periodic and then to hidden chaotic attractors, which the corresponding Hamilton energy tend to be constant, regular and irregular oscillations, respectively. The route to hidden attractors of the systems with Jacobi unstable equilibrium is analyzed under one parameter variation. The results show that the systems initially undergo a subcritical Hopf bifurcation, resulting in a Lyapunov unstable limit cycle, followed by a saddle–node bifurcation of limit cycle, ultimately entering hidden chaotic attractors via the Feigenbaum period-doubling route.