A review on nitrogen transformation mechanism during biomass pyrolysis

IF 5.8 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jaap.2024.106863

Chenyu Duan , Xianyao Yan , Wan Zhang , Yiran Zhang , Xinhui Ji , Zhen Huang , Huaqiang Chu

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Abstract

The thermochemical conversion of biomass produces NO_x precursors (e.g. NH₃, HCN, and HCNO) and high-value-added nitrogenous products (e.g. pyrroles, pyridines, and indoles). The control of NO_x precursors and regulation of nitrogenous chemicals are of great significance for environmental protection and biomass resource utilisation. However, the nitrogen transformation mechanism of biomass pyrolysis is not clear at present, which is not conducive to the regulation of pyrolysis products. In this review, the elemental and biochemical compositions and the N transformation directions of common N-rich biomass have been introduced. The advances in nitrogen transformation characteristics during typical model compounds (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, phenylalanine, proline and 2,5-diketopiperazines) and major biomass components pyrolysis have been summarized. The effects of experimental conditions such as pyrolysis parameters (temperature, heating rate), catalysts, and atmospheres on nitrogen migration have been analysed. Finally, nitrogen regulation strategies and future research directions on nitrogen reduction in bio-fuels and nitrogen enrichment in nitrogenous products have been proposed. This review can provide suggestions for NO_x precursor control, high-quality nitrogenous chemical and multifunctional N-doped carbon product preparation during thermochemical conversion of biomass.

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生物质热解过程中氮转化机制综述

生物质热化学转化过程会产生氮氧化物前体（如 NH3、HCN 和 HCNO）和高附加值含氮产品（如吡咯、吡啶和吲哚）。控制氮氧化物前体和调节含氮化学物质对环境保护和生物质资源利用具有重要意义。然而，目前生物质热解的氮转化机理尚不清楚，不利于热解产物的调控。本综述介绍了常见富氮生物质的元素组成、生化组成及氮转化方向。总结了典型模型化合物（谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸和 2,5-二酮哌嗪）和主要生物质成分热解过程中氮转化特征的进展。分析了热解参数（温度、加热速率）、催化剂和气氛等实验条件对氮迁移的影响。最后，就生物燃料中的氮减排和含氮产品中的氮富集提出了氮调节策略和未来研究方向。本综述可为生物质热化学转化过程中的氮氧化物前体控制、高品质含氮化学品和多功能掺氮碳产品制备提供建议。

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来源期刊

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

11.70%

发文量

340

审稿时长

44 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis (JAAP) is devoted to the publication of papers dealing with innovative applications of pyrolysis processes, the characterization of products related to pyrolysis reactions, and investigations of reaction mechanism. To be considered by JAAP, a manuscript should present significant progress in these topics. The novelty must be satisfactorily argued in the cover letter. A manuscript with a cover letter to the editor not addressing the novelty is likely to be rejected without review.