Effects of multicultural experiences on empathy: A model of the roles of positive emotion and critical thinking

IF 2.2 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Journal of Applied Social Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI:10.1111/jasp.13068
Nalin Zhao, Yufang Zhao, Yan Bao, Xuemin Mo, Xingyang Ma
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Abstract

The extant empirical evidence indicates that multicultural experiences (MCEs) are linked to numerous positive outcomes, including increased trust, reduced intergroup bias, and the promotion of large-scale cooperation. These beneficial effects partly depend on the fact that increased MCEs enhance cultural sensitivity, which may enable individuals to better empathize with others. Therefore, we explored the beneficial effects of MCEs on empathy, along with the potential mechanisms. A sample of 1480 Chinese young adults (M = 21.40, SD = 1.86) were employed to complete anonymous questionnaires on their MCEs, positive emotions, critical thinking, empathy, and multicultural breadth. By controlling for gender and family socioeconomic status, parallel mediation analysis revealed that MCEs can independently influence individuals' levels of empathy through both positive emotions and critical thinking. Thereafter, multicultural breadth was determined as a moderator influencing this model. The results highlighted the role of MCEs in increasing empathy through their relationship with cognitive and emotional processes. This study is significant in expanding our understanding of the consequences of MCEs and has practical value in promoting more interpersonal harmony and social tolerance through enhanced empathy.

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多元文化体验对移情的影响:积极情绪和批判性思维的作用模型
现有的经验证据表明,多元文化体验(MCEs)与许多积极的结果有关,包括增加信任、减少群体间偏见和促进大规模合作。这些有利影响部分取决于多元文化体验的增加能够提高文化敏感性,从而使个人更好地与他人产生共鸣。因此,我们探讨了MCE对移情的有益影响及其潜在机制。我们对 1480 名中国年轻人(中位数 = 21.40,最小值 = 1.86)进行了抽样调查,让他们填写匿名问卷,内容包括他们的多元文化教育素养、积极情绪、批判性思维、同理心和多元文化广度。通过控制性别和家庭社会经济地位,平行中介分析表明,多元文化教育可以通过积极情绪和批判性思维独立地影响个人的移情水平。随后,多元文化广度被确定为影响该模型的调节因素。研究结果凸显了多元文化教育通过其与认知和情感过程的关系在提高移情方面的作用。这项研究对于拓展我们对多元文化教育后果的理解具有重要意义,对于通过增强同理心来促进人际和谐和社会宽容具有实用价值。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
4.00%
发文量
95
期刊介绍: Published since 1971, Journal of Applied Social Psychology is a monthly publication devoted to applications of experimental behavioral science research to problems of society (e.g., organizational and leadership psychology, safety, health, and gender issues; perceptions of war and natural hazards; jury deliberation; performance, AIDS, cancer, heart disease, exercise, and sports).
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