Future options for long-acting HIV treatment and prevention.

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI:10.1097/COH.0000000000000901
Yotam Arens, Roy M Gulick
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Abstract

Purpose of review: The aim of this review was to describe future options for long-acting HIV treatment and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimens featuring both innovations with currently approved antiretrovirals and a profile of investigational agents in the pipeline.

Recent findings: Newer formulations and modes of delivery for existing antiretroviral drugs and a number of investigational agents are under study for long-acting HIV treatment and PrEP. Regimens with weekly oral dosing for HIV treatment, monthly oral dosing for HIV PrEP, and injectable agents with longer dosing intervals (every 3 months or longer) for treatment and PrEP are in clinical development. Newer agents with novel mechanisms of action and newer modes of administration including vaginal rings, implants, patches, and rectal douches also are under investigation.

Summary: Despite the success of current antiretroviral therapy and PrEP with one-pill, once-daily regimens, there is a continuing need for new formulations, investigational agents, and novel modes of delivery to overcome barriers to implementation and ensure real-world effectiveness. Newer long-acting antiretroviral regimens for HIV treatment and PrEP using novel preparations and strategies will offer choice, enhance adherence, decrease toxicity, and improve patient and provider satisfaction.

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长效艾滋病毒治疗和预防的未来选择。
综述目的:本综述旨在介绍长效艾滋病治疗和暴露前预防(PrEP)方案的未来选择,其中既包括目前已批准的抗逆转录病毒药物的创新,也包括正在研究中的研究药物的概况:最新研究结果:目前正在研究现有抗逆转录病毒药物的新配方和给药方式,以及一些用于长效艾滋病治疗和 PrEP 的研究药物。用于艾滋病治疗的每周口服给药方案、用于艾滋病预防的每月口服给药方案以及用于治疗和预防艾滋病的更长给药间隔(每 3 个月或更长)的注射剂正在临床开发中。小结:尽管目前的抗逆转录病毒疗法和 PrEP 成功地采用了每日一粒、每日一次的治疗方案,但仍然需要新的制剂、研究药物和新的给药模式,以克服实施障碍并确保实际效果。使用新型制剂和策略治疗艾滋病和 PrEP 的新型长效抗逆转录病毒疗法将提供选择、提高依从性、降低毒性并提高患者和提供者的满意度。
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