Identification of a Novel Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3-Targeting Peptide for Molecular Imaging of Metastatic Lymph Nodes

Abstract

Because of the insidious nature of lymphatic metastatic cancer, accurate imaging tracing is very difficult to achieve in the clinic. Previous studies have developed the LARGR peptide (named TMVP1) as a radiotracer for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) imaging in cancer. However, its affinity for the target remains insufficient, resulting in low imaging sensitivity. In this study, we identified a high-affinity VEGFR-3 targeting peptide, named TMVP1446, using a multiplex screening platform. TMVP1446 demonstrated a dissociation constant of 8.97 × 10^–8 M. Both in vitro and in vivo assays confirmed that fluorescently labeled TMVP1446 specifically bound to VEGFR-3. In a 4T1-luciferase tumor mouse model, cyanine 7-labeled TMVP1446 effectively discriminated between contralateral normal lymph nodes (c-LN) and cancer-metastatic sentinel lymph nodes (m-SLN). To evaluate the potential of TMVP1446, we developed a novel VEGFR-3 positron emission tomography radiotracer ([⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTA-TMVP1446) for cancer-m-SLN imaging. [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTA-TMVP1446 accurately detected and assessed the status of lymph node metastasis, even in micrometastatic tumors, in the B16–F10 mouse tumor model. These findings suggest that TMVP1446 has great potential for advancing VEGFR-3 molecular imaging and metastatic sentinel lymph node imaging.