A Study of the Progression, Complications, and Outcome of Mucormycosis in a Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonitis at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Gujarat.

Abstract

Introduction: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been connected to numerous opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections. Mucormycosis is a fatal opportunistic disease that became much more common with the second COVID-19 wave. We plan to look into the prognosis and course of mucormycosis following COVID-19, as well as the risk of mucormycosis in cases with COVID-19 pneumonitis. Materials and methods: Just 100 verified cases of mucormycosis that were admitted to a civil hospital in Rajkot between April 2021 and March 2022 were included in this retrospective cross-sectional investigation. Data gathered from medical records included diagnoses, vital signs, test findings, microbiological information, usage of antibiotics, and outcomes. After entering the data into Microsoft Excel, we performed analysis and computations to determine frequency, percentage, and the Chi-squared test for variable comparison. Results: About 77.0% of the 100 mucormycosis patients were between the ages of 41 and 70. The bulk of them were male. The most frequent associated comorbidity was diabetes mellitus (DM) (30.0%). The most commonly impacted sinuses were the maxillary and ethmoidal ones. Amphotericin B was administered intravenously to each patient. In total, 82.0% of patients survived while 18.0% of patients died. Conclusion: Mucormycosis is an extremely rare, serious, and sometimes fatal infection. Because of comorbidities like diabetes and smoking, it went up with COVID-19. The use of glucocorticoids during COVID-19 treatment was the main risk factor.