[Drinks other than water for the prevention and metaphylaxis of urolithiasis].

Abstract

Low hydration is a leading risk factor for the formation of any type of urinary stones. The most common recommendation for prevention of urolithiasis is to increase the fluid intake as a way to increase daily diuresis and prevent supersaturation of urine with stone-forming substances. The fluid is consumed not only with drinking and mineral water, but also with other beverages, including citrus and various fruit juices, coffee, tea, wine and beer, which contain not only a liquid, but also a chemicals, nutrients and microelements that can affect its composition and play a significant role in changing the risk of stone formation. Citrus and non-citrus fruits and juices, milk, coffee, tea, carbonated unsweetened beverages, wine, beer and others are associated with a lower risk of kidney stone formation and can be recommended. In contrast, sweetened beverages are associated with a higher risk of urolithiasis. Knowledge of the composition of the urinary stone and metabolic disturbances of the individual patient play a significant role in the selection of recommended beverages. Understanding the importance of the various electrolytes contained in the beverages is crucial to providing patients with an effective non-drug solution in the prevention of recurrent urolithiasis depending on the type of stone. A proper understanding of the possibilities of using various beverages can and should serve as a therapeutic strategy for the prevention and reduction of the risk of urinary stone formation.