[Early changes in choroidal thickness and axial length in the use glasses of monofocal lenses and highly aspherical lenslets in children with newly diagnosed myopia].

Abstract

Current strategies for treating progressive myopia are closely linked to optical methods based on the theory of peripheral defocus. Myopic defocus causes an increase in choroidal thickness (CT) and a decrease in axial length (AL) of the eye. No comparative studies on the effects of spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) and monofocal lenses (MFL) on CT and AL in children with newly diagnosed myopia have been conducted.

Purpose: This study compares changes in CT and AL in children with myopia after one month of continuous wear of newly prescribed glasses with HAL and MFL.

Material and methods: The study included a total of 29 patients (58 eyes) with newly diagnosed mild myopia (mean -1.28±0.64 D) at an average age of 10.41±1.14 years wearing newly prescribed glasses with MFL (group 1) or with HAL (group 2). All patients underwent optical biometry and CT measurement using optical coherence tomography in addition to standard ophthalmological examination methods.

Results: In group 1 (SV), subfoveal CT decreased significantly by 18.13±7.88 μm after 1 month, while in group 2 (HAL), it increased by 12.88±29.86 μm. AL significantly increased by an average of 0.04±0.04 mm in group 1 and decreased by an average of 0.06±0.07 mm in group 2 (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The use of optical means of correction leads to changes in biometric parameters of the eye within a month from the start of wearing them. A decrease in CT from baseline was observed with MFL glasses, while an increase was seen with HAL correction, which can be considered a favorable prognostic sign in the control of progressive myopia in children.