Associations Between Childcare Physical Activity and Sedentary Time and Early Childhood Developmental Outcomes: A Compositional and Isotemporal Substitution Analysis

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Child Care Health and Development Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI:10.1111/cch.70011

Sophie M. Phillips, Matthew Bourke, Brianne A. Bruijns, Leigh Vanderloo, Aidan Loh, Kendall Saravanamuttoo, Patricia Tucker

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Abstract

Background

Physical activity and sedentary time are independently associated with health and developmental outcomes in preschool children. However, the integrated nature of these behaviours on early life outcomes, particularly during childcare hours, is currently understudied. As such, the aim of this study was to examine the association between preschool children's physical activity and sedentary time during childcare and various developmental outcomes (psychosocial, cognitive and fundamental movement skills).

Methods

A total of 107 preschool children (M_age: 41 ± 6 months) recruited from London, Canada, wore ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers during childcare hours to measure their sedentary time, light intensity physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA). Developmental outcomes, including psychosocial health (internalising, externalising, prosocial behaviour), indicators of cognitive development (memory, inhibitory control) and fundamental movement skills (locomotor control, object control, total fundamental movement), were assessed using validated tools. Compositional regression and isotemporal substitution models were estimated to examine how movement compositions in childcare were associated with developmental outcomes.

Results

Engaging in more MVPA relative to LPA and sedentary time was associated with fewer internalising symptoms and better total fundamental movement skills and object control skills, whilst spending more time in LPA relative to MVPA and sedentary time was associated with more internalising symptoms and worse object control skills. Isotemporal substitution models suggested that theoretically increasing sedentary time or engaging in MVPA at the expense of time engaging in LPA during childcare is associated with lower internalising symptoms.

Conclusion

The findings of this study provide preliminary evidence that engaging in MVPA during childcare, at the expense of time in LPA or sedentary time, is associated with children's fundamental movement skills and psychosocial development. Further longitudinal research is required, with larger samples of young children, to assess the mechanisms through which childcare movement behaviour compositions may interact with developmental outcomes, including contextualising both sedentary time and LPA.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05359536

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托儿体育活动和久坐时间与幼儿发育结果之间的关系：构成和等时替代分析》（A Compositional and Isotemporal Substitution Analysis）。

背景：体育活动和久坐时间与学龄前儿童的健康和发育结果有独立的联系。然而，这些行为对早期生活结果的综合影响，尤其是在儿童保育期间的影响，目前还没有得到充分研究。因此，本研究旨在探讨学龄前儿童在保育期间的体育活动和久坐时间与各种发育结果（社会心理、认知和基本运动技能）之间的关系：方法：从加拿大伦敦招募了 107 名学龄前儿童（年龄：41 ± 6 个月），在儿童保育期间佩戴 ActiGraph wGT3X-BT 加速计测量他们的久坐时间、轻度体力活动（LPA）和中到高强度体力活动（MVPA）。发育结果，包括社会心理健康（内化、外化、亲社会行为）、认知发展指标（记忆、抑制控制）和基本运动技能（运动控制、物体控制、总体基本运动），均采用经过验证的工具进行评估。研究人员对构成回归模型和等时替代模型进行了估算，以研究儿童保育中的运动构成与发展结果之间的关系：结果：相对于 LPA 和久坐时间，参与更多 MVPA 与内化症状较少、总体基本运动技能和物体控制技能较好相关，而相对于 MVPA 和久坐时间，参与更多 LPA 与内化症状较多和物体控制技能较差相关。等时替代模型表明，从理论上讲，在儿童保育期间增加久坐时间或从事 MVPA，而牺牲从事 LPA 的时间，与内化症状的减少有关：本研究的结果提供了初步证据，证明在儿童保育期间进行 MVPA（牺牲 LPA 或久坐时间）与儿童的基本运动技能和社会心理发展有关。还需要对更多的幼儿样本进行进一步的纵向研究，以评估育儿运动行为构成可能与发育结果相互作用的机制，包括久坐时间和LPA的背景：试验注册：ClinicalTrials.gov identifier：NCT05359536.

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来源期刊

Child Care Health and Development 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

5.30%

发文量

136

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Child: care, health and development is an international, peer-reviewed journal which publishes papers dealing with all aspects of the health and development of children and young people. We aim to attract quantitative and qualitative research papers relevant to people from all disciplines working in child health. We welcome studies which examine the effects of social and environmental factors on health and development as well as those dealing with clinical issues, the organization of services and health policy. We particularly encourage the submission of studies related to those who are disadvantaged by physical, developmental, emotional and social problems. The journal also aims to collate important research findings and to provide a forum for discussion of global child health issues.