Comparative assessment of ion-exchange/reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis for seawater desalination: environmental, economic, and operational perspectives

IF 5.8 3区环境科学与生态学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Science and Pollution Research Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI:10.1007/s11356-024-35447-4

Hajar Abyar, Mohsen Nowrouzi, Hassan Rezaei

{"title":"Comparative assessment of ion-exchange/reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis for seawater desalination: environmental, economic, and operational perspectives","authors":"Hajar Abyar, Mohsen Nowrouzi, Hassan Rezaei","doi":"10.1007/s11356-024-35447-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The urgent need for economically viable and environmentally friendly desalination technologies to address global water scarcity is underscored. This study compares ion-exchange reverse osmosis (IX-RO) and ultrafiltration reverse osmosis (UF-RO) systems, examining their environmental impacts, energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and operational stability. The IX-RO system reduced water hardness and ion concentrations by 83%, while the UF-RO system achieved over 99% removal of total dissolved solids. Energy consumption for desalinating 1 m<sup>3</sup> of Caspian Sea water was 1.49 kWh for IX-RO and 1.3 kWh for UF-RO. UF-RO’s impact on human health, ecosystems, and resources was 1.62, 3.06, and 3.31 times greater than that of IX-RO, respectively. CO<sub>2</sub> emissions were 192 kg CO<sub>2</sub>/m<sup>3</sup> for UF-RO and 81.93 kg CO<sub>2</sub>/m<sup>3</sup> for IX-RO. Over 68% of energy in both systems was from non-renewable resources, suggesting potential for utilizing Iran’s solar and wave energy. The sensitivity analysis showed that citric acid had a significant environmental impact on UF-RO, while magnesium utilization had a notable impact on IX-RO. Water production costs were $0.06/m<sup>3</sup> for IX-RO and $0.11/m<sup>3</sup> for UF-RO. Over 20 years, the net present value was $172.8 million for IX-RO and $177.9 million for UF-RO, demonstrating their economic resilience. This study forms a basis for further research in the field.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"31 57","pages":"65220 - 65232"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-024-35447-4","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The urgent need for economically viable and environmentally friendly desalination technologies to address global water scarcity is underscored. This study compares ion-exchange reverse osmosis (IX-RO) and ultrafiltration reverse osmosis (UF-RO) systems, examining their environmental impacts, energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and operational stability. The IX-RO system reduced water hardness and ion concentrations by 83%, while the UF-RO system achieved over 99% removal of total dissolved solids. Energy consumption for desalinating 1 m³ of Caspian Sea water was 1.49 kWh for IX-RO and 1.3 kWh for UF-RO. UF-RO’s impact on human health, ecosystems, and resources was 1.62, 3.06, and 3.31 times greater than that of IX-RO, respectively. CO₂ emissions were 192 kg CO₂/m³ for UF-RO and 81.93 kg CO₂/m³ for IX-RO. Over 68% of energy in both systems was from non-renewable resources, suggesting potential for utilizing Iran’s solar and wave energy. The sensitivity analysis showed that citric acid had a significant environmental impact on UF-RO, while magnesium utilization had a notable impact on IX-RO. Water production costs were $0.06/m³ for IX-RO and $0.11/m³ for UF-RO. Over 20 years, the net present value was $172.8 million for IX-RO and $177.9 million for UF-RO, demonstrating their economic resilience. This study forms a basis for further research in the field.

Graphical Abstract

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

用于海水淡化的离子交换/反渗透和超滤/反渗透的比较评估：环境、经济和操作角度。

为解决全球水资源短缺问题，迫切需要经济可行且环保的海水淡化技术。本研究比较了离子交换反渗透（IX-RO）和超滤反渗透（UF-RO）系统，考察了它们对环境的影响、能源效率、成本效益和运行稳定性。IX-RO 系统将水的硬度和离子浓度降低了 83%，而 UF-RO 系统对总溶解固体的去除率超过 99%。IX-RO 系统淡化 1 立方米里海海水的能耗为 1.49 千瓦时，UF-RO 系统为 1.3 千瓦时。UF-RO 对人类健康、生态系统和资源的影响分别是 IX-RO 的 1.62 倍、3.06 倍和 3.31 倍。UF-RO 的二氧化碳排放量为 192 千克 CO2/立方米，IX-RO 为 81.93 千克 CO2/立方米。两个系统中超过 68% 的能源来自不可再生资源，这表明伊朗的太阳能和波浪能具有利用潜力。敏感性分析表明，柠檬酸对 UF-RO 有重大环境影响，而镁的利用对 IX-RO 有显著影响。IX-RO 的制水成本为 0.06 美元/立方米，UF-RO 为 0.11 美元/立方米。在 20 年内，IX-RO 和 UF-RO 的净现值分别为 1.728 亿美元和 1.779 亿美元，这表明了它们的经济弹性。这项研究为该领域的进一步研究奠定了基础。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Environmental Science and Pollution Research 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

17.20%

发文量

6549

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Science and Pollution Research (ESPR) serves the international community in all areas of Environmental Science and related subjects with emphasis on chemical compounds. This includes: - Terrestrial Biology and Ecology - Aquatic Biology and Ecology - Atmospheric Chemistry - Environmental Microbiology/Biobased Energy Sources - Phytoremediation and Ecosystem Restoration - Environmental Analyses and Monitoring - Assessment of Risks and Interactions of Pollutants in the Environment - Conservation Biology and Sustainable Agriculture - Impact of Chemicals/Pollutants on Human and Animal Health It reports from a broad interdisciplinary outlook.