Comparison of Brachial Compression Versus Ulnar Compression on Radial Artery Diameter: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Abstract

Objectives: This study is aimed at comparing the effectiveness of ulnar compression and brachial compression in inducing radial artery dilatation. Methods: This randomized crossover study included 30 patients undergoing elective diagnostic transradial coronary angiography. Ulnar compression and brachial compression maneuvers were performed in two groups. Radial artery diameter and cross-sectional area were measured at baseline and remeasured every 30 s (up to 2 min) after the interventions. Results: Both ulnar compression and brachial compression maneuvers successfully increased radial artery diameter for up to 60 s following the interventions. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups after adjusting for baseline measurements. However, each treatment group showed a significant increase in indicators up to 60 s, followed by a subsequent decrease. The maximum radial artery diameter occurred at 60 s after the removal of compression in both groups. Conclusion: Ulnar compression and brachial compression maneuvers demonstrated effectiveness in inducing radial artery dilation for a limited duration. These maneuvers may reduce the occurrence of access failure during radial artery cannulation. No significant differences were observed between the two maneuvers, indicating that they can be used interchangeably based on clinician preference. So, because the ulnar compression is simpler and more feasible for the patients, it can be considered instead of brachial compression. Trial Registration: IRCT20230209057372N1.