What's in a word? A brief reflection on why the understanding of Freud is not changed by replacing the word "instinct" with "drive" and the importance of reading in context.

IF 1.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, PSYCHOANALYSIS International Journal of Psychoanalysis Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-22 DOI:10.1080/00207578.2024.2396202
Rachel B Blass
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Abstract

In this brief paper I argue that to understand Freud is to understand the meanings of his ideas. The choice of words to describe these ideas is usually relatively insignificant and does not in itself determine understanding. Thus, the translation of Trieb as "drive" rather than "instinct" does not change the phenomena that Freud addresses through the term Trieb, nor does it open us to the understanding of Freud's profound, complex and evolving ideas regarding these phenomena. To think that it can, in fact, limits understanding. This runs counter to a popular view that Strachey's translation of Trieb as "instinct" led the Anglo-American analytic community to see Freud as more biological and mechanistic than he actually was. Accepting the popular view would make the change of the term, which does occur in the Revised Standard Edition, seem especially significant. Evidence against this popular view may be seen in the fact that Klein and her followers, like Strachey himself, commonly use the term "instinct" and yet their understanding, which emerges from a close study of Freud in context and the phenomena to which he refers, maintains and develops the richness of Freud's thinking and does not at all offer a biological or mechanistic perspective. Important to the understanding of Freud in context are his early letters to Fliess, and thus it is very unfortunate that the unabridged version of these letters which became available in 1985 were not included in the RSE.

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一个词中有什么?简要思考为什么用 "驱动力 "代替 "本能 "不会改变对弗洛伊德的理解,以及联系上下文进行阅读的重要性。
在这篇简短的论文中,我认为理解弗洛伊德就是理解他的思想的含义。描述这些观点的词语的选择通常相对无关紧要,其本身并不能决定对这些观点的理解。因此,将 Trieb 译为 "驱力 "而非 "本能 "并不能改变弗洛伊德通过 Trieb 一词所涉及的现象,也不能让我们理解弗洛伊德关于这些现象的深刻、复杂和不断发展的思想。如果认为它可以,事实上就会限制我们的理解。这与一种流行观点背道而驰,这种观点认为斯特拉奇将 Trieb 译为 "本能",导致英美分析学界认为弗洛伊德比实际上更生物化和机械化。如果接受这种流行观点,《标准修订版》中对该词的改动就显得尤为重要。克莱因及其追随者,就像斯特拉奇本人一样,通常使用 "本能 "一词,但他们的理解是在仔细研究弗洛伊德的上下文和他提到的现象后得出的,他们的理解保持并发展了弗洛伊德思想的丰富性,完全没有提出生物学或机械论的观点。对理解弗洛伊德的背景非常重要的是他早期写给弗利斯的信件,因此非常遗憾的是,1985 年出版的这些信件的未删节版没有收录在《研究与思考》中。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Psychoanalysis
International Journal of Psychoanalysis PSYCHOLOGY, PSYCHOANALYSIS-
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
16.70%
发文量
85
期刊介绍: It is the only psychoanalytic journal regularly publishing extensive contributions by authors throughout the world - facilitated by a system of international editorial boards and the policy of allowing submission and review in all main European languages, followed by translation of accepted papers at the Journal"s expense. We publish contributions on Methodology, Psychoanalytic Theory & Technique, The History of Psychoanalysis, Clinical Contributions, Research and Life-Cycle Development, Education & Professional Issues, Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, and Interdisciplinary Studies. The Journal also publishes the main papers and panel reports from the International Psychoanalytical Association"s Congresses, book reviews, obituaries, and correspondence.
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