[Obstetric-gynecological and social factors for the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia].

Abstract

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) precedes cervical cancer and it is associated with risk factors that can be identified in the population, which contribute to timely diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To identify associated risk factors for the development of CIN in women attended at the first level of care.

Material and methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted in women in the 2020-2022 period. Frequencies and means were obtained. For the differences, chi-squared and Student's t were used. Odds ratios (OR) were obtained to assess the risk.

Results: ORs were determined in the group of women with CIN II/CIN III, obtaining risks of almost twice the risk factors analyzed compared to the CIN I group, which had the same factors. When analyzed by age groups < or > 40 years, significant associations were determined in the factors of parity, first cytology in life and positive for smoking. In the group < 40 years and with CIN II/III significant risks were determined in age at first pregnancy < 18 (OR 8.33), first cytology in life (OR 3.77), positive for smoking (OR 3.0), sexual intercourse initiation (SII) before 18 years of age (OR 3.1) and parity (OR 1.3).

Conclusions: According to the results obtained, sexual and reproductive behavioral factors are of high risk for the development of CIN.