Different sodium concentrations of noncancerous and cancerous prostate tissue seen on MRI using an external coil.

Radiology advances Pub Date : 2024-09-30 eCollection Date: 2024-09-01 DOI:10.1093/radadv/umae023

Josephine L Tan, Vibhuti Kalia, Stephen E Pautler, Glenn Bauman, Lena V Gast, Max Müller, Armin M Nagel, Jonathan D Thiessen, Timothy J Scholl, Alireza Akbari

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Abstract

Background: Sodium (²³Na) MRI of prostate cancer (PCa) is a novel but underdocumented technique conventionally acquired using an endorectal coil. These endorectal coils are associated with challenges (e.g., a nonuniform sensitivity profile, limited prostate coverage, patient discomfort) that could be mitigated with an external ²³Na MRI coil.

Purpose: To quantify tissue sodium concentration (TSC) differences within the prostate of participants with PCa and healthy volunteers using an external ²³Na MRI radiofrequency coil at 3 T.

Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted from January 2022 to June 2024 in healthy volunteers and participants with biopsy-proven PCa. Prostate ²³Na MRI was acquired on a 3-T PET/MRI scanner using a custom-built 2-loop (diameter, 18 cm) butterfly surface coil tuned for the ²³Na frequency (32.6 MHz). The percent difference in TSC (ΔTSC) between prostate cancer lesions and surrounding noncancerous prostate tissue of the peripheral zone (PZ) and transition zone (TZ) was evaluated using a 1-sample t-test. TSC was compared to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements as a clinical reference.

Results: Six healthy volunteers (mean age, 54.5 years ± 12.7) and 20 participants with PCa (mean age, 70.7 years ± 8.3) were evaluated. A total of 31 lesions were detected (21 PZ, 10 TZ) across PCa participants. Compared to noncancerous prostate tissue, prostate cancer lesions had significantly lower TSC (ΔTSC, -14.1% ± 18.2, P = .0002) and ADC (ΔADC, -26.6% ± 18.7, P < .0001).

Conclusion: We used an external ²³Na MRI coil for whole-gland comparison of TSC in PCa and noncancerous prostate tissue at 3 T. PCa lesions presented with lower TSC compared to surrounding noncancerous PZ and TZ tissue. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of an external ²³Na MRI coil to quantify TSC in the prostate and offer a promising, noninvasive approach to PCa diagnosis and management.

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使用外部线圈进行核磁共振成像时，非癌症和癌症前列腺组织的钠浓度不同。

背景：前列腺癌（PCa）钠（23Na）磁共振成像是一种新型技术，但传统上使用肛门直肠内线圈采集，文献记载不足。目的：在 3 T 下使用外部 23Na MRI 射频线圈量化 PCa 患者和健康志愿者前列腺内的组织钠浓度 (TSC) 差异：2022 年 1 月至 2024 年 6 月期间，对健康志愿者和经活检证实患有 PCa 的参与者进行了前瞻性研究。前列腺 23Na MRI 是在 3 T PET/MRI 扫描仪上使用为 23Na 频率（32.6 MHz）调谐的定制双环（直径 18 厘米）蝶形表面线圈采集的。采用 1 样本 t 检验法评估了前列腺癌病灶与周边区（PZ）和过渡区（TZ）非癌前列腺组织之间 TSC 的百分比差异（ΔTSC）。TSC与作为临床参考的表观扩散系数（ADC）测量值进行了比较：对 6 名健康志愿者（平均年龄为 54.5 岁 ± 12.7 岁）和 20 名 PCa 患者（平均年龄为 70.7 岁 ± 8.3 岁）进行了评估。在所有 PCa 患者中，共检测到 31 个病灶（21 个 PZ，10 个 TZ）。与非癌变前列腺组织相比，前列腺癌病变的 TSC（ΔTSC，-14.1% ± 18.2，P = .0002）和 ADC（ΔADC，-26.6% ± 18.7，P 结论：前列腺癌病变的 TSC 和 ADC 均明显低于非癌变前列腺组织：与周围的非癌PZ和TZ组织相比，PCa病变部位的TSC较低。这些研究结果证明了外部 23Na MRI 线圈量化前列腺中 TSC 的可行性，并为 PCa 的诊断和管理提供了一种前景广阔的无创方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Radiology advances

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