How does land use affect soil quality and biological fertility in the arid ecosystem of Kutch, India?

IF 2.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI:10.1007/s10661-024-13430-3

Anandkumar Naorem, Nav Raten Panwar, Abhishek Patel, Archana Verma, Praveen Kumar, M. Saritha, Shrvan Kumar

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Abstract

Arid regions cover a large part of the Earth's surface and are at risk of increased agricultural activity and expected shifts in climate. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of comprehensive knowledge about the impact of land use on soil quality in these soils. Using a state factor approach, we studied the effects of different land use types on soil physico-chemical and biological characteristics in the Bhuj region of Kutch, Gujarat (India). Our analysis identified six key land uses: barren land (BL), natural forest (NF), grazing land (GL), and cultivated land under monocropping (MC), intercropping (IC), and crop rotation (CR). Our findings demonstrated significantly higher levels of soil organic carbon (SOC), calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), plant-available nutrients (nitrogen, potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium), and enzyme activities in NF and GL (P < 0.05) than cultivated land and BL. For instance, SOC content in NF and GL exceeded that in cultivated land by 130% and 73.33%, respectively. Conversely, soil pH and plant-available phosphorus were higher in cultivated land. A strong correlation was observed between SOC and soil enzymes (P < 0.05), highlighting the importance of preserving SOC for optimal soil biological health in arid regions. Our study provides crucial baseline data on various soil quality indicators for an arid region, informing the development of landscape-scale models and guiding effective land management strategies.

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土地利用如何影响印度卡奇干旱生态系统的土壤质量和生物肥力？

干旱地区占地球表面的很大一部分，面临着农业活动增加和气候预期变化的风险。遗憾的是，人们对土地利用对这些土壤质量的影响仍然缺乏全面的了解。我们采用状态因子法研究了不同土地利用类型对印度古吉拉特邦 Kutch 的 Bhuj 地区土壤理化和生物特征的影响。我们的分析确定了六种主要的土地利用类型：荒地（BL）、天然林（NF）、牧场（GL）以及单作（MC）、间作（IC）和轮作（CR）耕地。我们的研究结果表明，NF 和 GL 的土壤有机碳 (SOC)、碳酸钙 (CaCO3)、植物可利用的养分（氮、钾、钠、钙和镁）和酶活性水平（P < 0.05）明显高于耕地和 BL。例如，NF 和 GL 中的 SOC 含量分别比耕地高出 130% 和 73.33%。相反，耕地的土壤 pH 值和植物可利用磷含量较高。在 SOC 和土壤酶之间观察到了很强的相关性（P < 0.05），凸显了在干旱地区保护 SOC 对优化土壤生物健康的重要性。我们的研究为干旱地区的各种土壤质量指标提供了重要的基准数据，为景观尺度模型的开发提供了信息，并为有效的土地管理策略提供了指导。

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来源期刊

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

6.70%

发文量

1000

审稿时长

7.3 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Monitoring and Assessment emphasizes technical developments and data arising from environmental monitoring and assessment, the use of scientific principles in the design of monitoring systems at the local, regional and global scales, and the use of monitoring data in assessing the consequences of natural resource management actions and pollution risks to man and the environment.